List the following carboxylic acids in order of output of pKa (1 = lowest pKa ......

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Question

Answer 1

Answer #1

Smaller the pKa higher is the acidic nature.

And the acidic nature of benzoic acid is affected by the presence of substituents.

Presence of electron donating groups decrease the acidic nature and hence increease the pKa.

Presence of electron withdrawing groups increase the acidic nature and hence decrease the pKa.

From left to right give numbering 1, 2 , 3 and 4

Lowest pKa to Highest pKa i.e most acidic to least acidic

3 > 2 > 1 > 4

3 (p-nitrobenzoicacid) haslowest pKa or most acidic in nature becuase of the presence of electron withdrwing - NO2 group.

Next 2 (p-chlorobenzoic acid) has -Cl substituent is also electron withdrawing but not that of nitro group.

1 benzoic acid

4 ( p-methoxy benzoic acid) has electron donating -OCH3 (Methoxy) group, so its acidic nature is low and thus it has highest pKa

Answer 2

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