Question

Alpine-Himalayan Ocean Paoiño Ocean Ocean Deep eartho EXERCISE 16.2 Locating Earthquake Epicenters Name: Course Section: Date: This exercise leads you through the reasoning used to calculate the distance from a seismic station to epicenter. But instead of two different seismic waves, let's see first how this works with two cars that start along a road at exactly the same time (see the figure on the next page). Both use cruise control set at 1 mile per minute (60 miles per hour), but the controls are not exactly the same. Car 1 covers each mile in exactly 60 seconds and Car 2 in 61 seconds. Because Car 1 arrives a second before Car 2 for each mile they travel, the delay between the arrival times of Car 1 and Car 2 increases at each mile marker To see how this works, complete the illustration on the next page (a) In each of the boxes to the right of Car 1 and Car 2, note the travel time (in seconds) needed to arrive at the different an earthquake mileposts-the first one has been completed (b) In the boxes at the bottom of the figure, indicate the delay time between arrival of Car 1 and Car 2 at each milepost. (continued) 412 CHAPTER 16 EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMOLOGY

Answer 1

C.2.Difference in time=45 sec

Difference in time for travelling 1 mile=1 sec

So, the distance traveled=45 miles.

D.1.Car 1 is earlier than the Car 2 by 1 sec if both of them travels 1 mile.

So, the 25 sec time difference can result if the cars travel for 25 miles

Speed of Car 1= 60 miles/hour

So, the time required to travel this 25 miles=(25 X 60/60)=25 minutes

So, the race started at---(12:25:00- 00:25:00)=12:00:00 hours

2.Car 1 is earlier than the Car 2 by 1 sec if both of them travels 1 mile.

So, the 45 sec time difference can result if the cars travel for 45 miles

Speed of Car 1= 60 miles/hour

So, the time required to travel this 45 miles=(45 X 60/60)=45 minutes

So, the race started at---(12:25:00- 00:45:00)=11:40:00 hours

e.Difference in time---(1:46:37-1:45:22)=00:01:15=75 sec

Car 1 is earlier than the Car 2 by 1 sec if both of them travels 1 mile.

So, they traveled= 75 miles to result the 75 sec difference between them.

f.Car 1 is earlier than the Car 2 by 1 sec if both of them travels 1 mile.

So, the 75 sec time difference can result if the cars travel for 75 miles

Speed of Car 1= 60 miles/hour

So, the time required to travel this 75 miles=(75 X 60/60)=75 minutes=1 hour 15 minutes

So, the race started at---(1:45:22- 01:15:00)=12:30:00 hours

Seismologist determine the speed of the seismic waves by passing them through different material and measuring the speed experimentally.

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