Question

V) Determine whether ca neither(1.5 x 4-6 pts) whether each of the following reactions is an oxidation.c oxidation reduction or om Br A Br + HR OH NH OH VI) Give the IUPAC Names of the following organic compounds. Include E/Z for alkenes, cis-trans for cycloalkanes (if needed) and R.S configuration if a compound has chiral center(s) (2x5-10 pts) ICH, c) Br CH CH CH G-CH, BV CH3 - Сң сH = CH = CH -CH3 CH,CH3

Answer 1

V) Answer to question number (V)-

Before answering the sub-questions, there is some preliminary knowledge and certain rules that I need to discuss with you.

The term oxidation or reduction is in context to the oxidation state of the carbon atom to which the adducts are being added.

To identify whether a particular reaction is oxidation, reduction or neutral(both oxidation and reduction) we need to keep in mind that-

1.  If the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to a carbon increases, and/or if the number of bonds to more electronegative atoms decreases, the carbon in question has been reduced (i.e. it is in a lower oxidation state).

2.  If the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to a carbon decreases, and/or if the number of bonds to more electronegative atoms increases, the carbon in question has been oxidized (i.e. it is in a higher oxidation state).

3.  If there has been no change in the number of such bonds, then the carbon in question has not changed its oxidation state.

based on the above rules, we can now answer the sub-questions-

a) Oxidation

b) Addition of HBr reduces one of the double bond carbon atoms and oxidizes the other; consequently, there is no overall redox change in the substrate molecule.

c) The conversion of an alkene to an acid is oxidation reaction with a suitable oxidising agent like KMnO4

d) Ketone to alcohol is a reduction reaction which can occur in the presence of a suitable reducing agent like NaBH4

VI) Answer to question number (V)-

a) cis- 3-methylcyclopent-1-ene

b) (2E,4E)-5-ethyl-6-methylhepta-2,4-diene

c) 1,5-dibromo-2,2-dimethylpentane   

d) (E)-hexa-1,3-dien-5-yne

e) 1-chloro-3-ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane