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Long before meiosis was discovered, biologists predicted the existence of a mechanism to reduce the number of chromosomes in germ cells. What is likely to be the reason they made such a prediction?
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Meiosis is referred to as the reductional division. It is essential for maintaining constant chromosome number and genetic variation.

Even before the discovery of meiosis, many scientists speculated the presence of a mechanism that maintains constant chromosome number in a given species. They have counted the number of chromosomes in a given species over many generations using morphological studies (For example, staining techniques like karyotyping) and found that each species maintains its constant chromosome number over generations. They also found that body cells contained two sets of chromosomes while the reproductive cells (gametes) contained a single set of chromosomes. These initial findings lead to the elucidation of meiotic division.

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