Answer: “D” high tide zone is outside the range of tolerance for semibalanus
High tide zone is also called as intertidal zone, it is submerged with water during high tide and expose to air during low tide, hence this zone will have range of low to high temperatures ( due to exposure to sunlight). The organisms in this zone should be able to tolerate wet as well as very dry conditions.
Semibalanus and chthamalus is an example competitive exclusion.
Chthamalus evades competition in the high tide zone, as high tide zone is too hot for the survival of semibalanus.
Semibalanus is intolerant to desiccation and heat, and chthamalus on other hand is extremely resistant to heat and desiccation, hence chthamalus can evade competitive exclusion by semibalanus in high tide zone
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