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13.10 Even though the population standkd devlation is unknown, an investigator Uses z rather than the more appropriate t to t
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a) using the z will result in a small critical value which means that the p value will be smaller than it really is. Essentially, one is moving the critical value closer to the mean then it should be. This means that for a given significance with the z , say 0.05 the true value is somewhere more than 0.05.

b) the true critical value will be larger than z .

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