Question

Q.2 i) Briefly explain the difference between Closed-loop traverse and Closed-line traverse. (4 marks) ii) Perform Traverse (closed-loop) computation of the provided observations as shown in the following diagram. Calculate a) The Angular Misclosure & adjustment; (6 marks) b) Linear Misclosure & Accuracy; (6 marks) c) Adjustment by "Bowditch method"; (5 marks) d) Adjusted coordinates for stations B&C. (4 marks) Given Data: Bearing of AB: 60°25'45 Coordinates of Station A: (100.000m E and 100.000m N) Station Station Observed Horizontal Distance Observed Horizontal Angle (External) 316°09'33" ZA A to B 170.350 283959'59" B to C 136.050 299950'58" C to A 190.600 44 Fig.2-Traverse Station(closed-loop) Page 3 of 8 Actual Sum of Horizontal Angle Required Sum of Horizontal Angle Angular Misclosure Adjusted to Each Observed Angle Line Back Bearing Coordinates Station Whole circle bearing, Adjusted Horizontal Angle Forward bearing Horizontal Distance, D Coordinate Differences Adjustments AE JAN Adjusted AB Une |AE JAN ANT E N ев вс Adjustment to AE, AN by Bowditch method 'NE (Linear Misclosure), e= Fractional Linear Misclosure

Answer 1

ANSWER.(i)

Closed-loop traverse :- It is a closed traverse, i.e. a traverse which forms a geometrical shape (polygon), also which ends and begins at the same points having all known positions.

Closed-link traverse :- A link traverse is connected to at least two points and it has different points of ending and beginning whose coordinates have been previously known.

(closed-loop 1 Traverse - c Closed -link Traverse

SOLUTION.(ii) :-

. Given Date: Bearing of AB: 60°25'45" Co-ordinates of station 'A': (100.000m N & 100.000 € Station Station observed Horizontal Angle (External) 316°09' 33" 2830 so'59" 299° sosyal Observed Horizontal distance 170.350 LA . LB LC A to B B to C 136. 050 cto A 190.000 Part @) Angulas Misclosure + Adjustment Angulo Misclosure ar evviar in closing traverse = Sum af given external angles - sum of geometsie external angles) = (316°09'33'+ 283°59'59" + 299°so'sg") sum of ex terias, angle of polygon 1. Laving 3 sides Soo oº3o” – gooºooºooº > Angular = 30° a error. (n = no. of sides) - Now Adjustment = -eroy = = error Misclosure = 30

* Adjusted Angles = observed angler + Adjustment dung Station LA LB Le observed | Adjusted Angle: . Angle 316°09' 33" 316" og'33" +410"} , = 316'09'23") 283° so'sg” 283°59'sg"+ 610)' = 283° sg' 49" 299° 50' sp" 2999 so's8"+ (-10%) = 290° so’48" |

Past ci) Adjustment by “Boudith Method" : _ 283°ss' sg". 136.050 316°ogʻ334 K Sport 60°25'45" $170.350 - 190.600 190.600 U 299° so'gs & Griven; bearing of AB: = N60*25°45" € → Bearing of BC >(360° – 283 ºsoʻsa") = 70°o°1” → Beasting of BC = 180°-( 76°o’s"-60°25°45") = 164º e 5'44" > Beaning of CA => 360 - (7601²-60 es'us") - (360°-239°50'58") = 284°18'42" Now, Latitude = L caso & Departure = Lsino.

line Length I Beaning correction | carwrection corrected carvected Latitude | Departure in Latitude in Departure Latitude Deperiture. AB 1170.3501 60°25'45" 84,067 148.161 -00327 0.0106 184.0605 148: 1716 -0.0065 BC (136.050 164° 25% 447" |-131.056 36.520 10-20set | 0.00848-131.061236.52848 lco 190.600 284° 16°42" 47.008 -184.712-6=0018 000118 47.0007 |-184.7002 EL=497 Sumi- ZL=0.019 ED=-oo Ely=0 / ED=0 -0.0052 -- -0.0073 | SM es 2 Now, correction in labiridle =-E6 x ₂ EL correction in Departure = ED ½ EL L

SOLUTION (b) :-

Part (ii) from the above Table: E Latitude = 0.09 - ly { E Departure = -0.031 = Px ie. linear closing evene = e = S Bo? +Py? = e = 0.0363 & Direction of closing erran = 0 ; & tan d = en la +0= terk en = ten como > 0 = -58.4957 =-58°29°44.64" in (N-w) = 301° 30°15:36" Now, Precision of fuaveuse = Accuracy Cut Relative ewicure of closure :- Relative error of closure a error of closure (e) perimeter of fraverse (EL) = 7.304x10-5 0.0363 =497

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