6. Maximum score 3 ( 1 per part).
Show that:
(b) (p → q) → r and p →(q → r) are not logically equivalent.
(c) p ↔ q and ¬ p ↔ ¬ q are logically equivalent.
1) First let us see what -> gives
p->q T when both are true or false and when q is true otherwise false.Hence based on this we have derived below truth table where we can see (p->q)->r and p->(q->r) are not logically equivalent.
p | q | r | p->q | (p->q)->r | q->r | p->(q->r) |
F | F | F | T | F | T | T |
F | F | T | T | T | T | T |
F | T | F | T | F | F | T |
F | T | T | T | T | T | T |
T | F | F | F | T | T | T |
T | F | T | F | T | T | T |
T | T | F | T | F | F | F |
T | T | T | T | T | T | T |
2) P<-> Q shows bidirectional which means if and only if so when both false then true or when both true then true otherwise false, based on this we have below table to show they are logically equivalent
p | q | p<->q | ~p | ~q | ~p <-> ~q |
F | F | T | T | T | T |
F | T | F | T | F | F |
T | F | F | F | T | F |
T | T | T | F | F | T |
Show that: (b) (p → q) → r and p →(q → r) are not logically equivalent.
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