Introduction to Epidemiology
A study was conducted to estimate the association between exposure to lead paint in childhood and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data on N=750 children are collected, and data on exposure and ADHD diagnosis are shown in the Table Expose to lead paintattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHDYesNoYes53197No71429 Use the data to calculate: 1. The incidence of ADHD in the exposed group? (1 point) 2. The incidence of ADHD in the unexposed group? (1 point) 3. Estimate the relative risks (RR) for a child's diagnosis of ADHD relative to exposure to lead paint: (0.5 point for the formula + 0.5 point for the result) 4. Based on the computed test statistic in question 3, what is your interpretation? (1 point) 5. What is your interpretation if the result in question for is equal to 1 RR=1 (1 point) |
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Problem #1 A study is conducted to estimate the association between exposure to lead paint in childhood and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data on n = 400 children are collected, an...
Problem #1 A study is conducted to estimate the association between exposure to lead paint in childhood and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data on n = 400 children are collected, and data on exposure and ADHD diagnosis are shown in Table 9–26. TABLE 9–26 Exposure to Lead Paint and ADHD Exposure to Lead Paint ADHD No ADHD Total Yes 34 71 105 No 29 266 295 The information from Problem #1 is needed to answer Question 2. TABLE 9–27 Exposure...
Problem #1 A study is conducted to estimate the association between exposure to lead paint in...
Problem #1 A study is conducted to estimate the association between exposure to lead paint in childhood and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data on n = 400 children are collected, and data on exposure and ADHD diagnosis are shown in Table 9–26. TABLE 9–26 Exposure to Lead Paint and ADHD Exposure to Lead Paint ADHD No ADHD Total Yes 34 71 105 No 29 266 295 The information from Problem #1 is needed to answer Question 2. TABLE 9–27 Exposure...
task The cutoff birth date for school entry in British Columbia, Canada, is December 31. As...
task The cutoff birth date for school entry in British Columbia, Canada, is December 31. As a result, children bom in December tend to be the youngest in their grade, whereas those bom in January tend to be the oldest. Morrow et al. (2012) examined how this relative age difference influenced diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A total of 39,136 boys aged 6 to 12 years and registered in school in 1997– 1998 had January birth dates....
In the intervention group, 210 of 1267 girls had a pregnancy event (birth or induced abortion)...
In the intervention group, 210 of 1267 girls had a
pregnancy event (birth or induced abortion)
In the comparison group, 168 of 1567 girls had a
pregnancy event
1. Using these numbers, prepare a contingency table like
figure:
Intervention
Control
Total
Pregnancy Event
No Pregnancy Event
Total
2. Calculate the relative risk for pregnancy between the
intervention and comparison group.
3. Based on your calculation of the relative
risk, what effect did participation in the infant simulator
intervention have on pregnancy...
Person-Years at Risk and Incidence Density Person-Years at Risk sum of the amount of time a...
Person-Years at Risk and Incidence Density Person-Years at Risk sum of the amount of time a participant is at risk for the outcome in a study. (# persons x at risk for 1 year + # persons x at risk for 2 years + # persons x at risk for 3 years, etc.) Incidence Density (IDL- new cases of disease or mortality in persons at risk/person-time at risk. Incidence Density in Not Exposed (IDE) Person-time at risk Incidence Density in...
ST 350 NCSU 4. /1 points Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young children presents significant...
ST 350 NCSU
4. /1 points Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young children presents significant challenges to the children, their parents, and their classroom teachers. Stimulant medication can effectively treat 60% to 70% of youth with ADHD. Yet many parents seek alternative therapies, and Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) is 1 of the top 3 alternative therapies used My Notes In a recent study in the Journal of the American Medical Association, Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) for Attention-...
Table 3: Dopamine Agonist Treatment Status and Impulse Control Disorder (ICD) Frequencies One or More Current No Curre...
Table 3: Dopamine Agonist Treatment Status and Impulse Control Disorder (ICD) Frequencies One or More Current No Current ICDs ICDs 978 No dopamine agonist Dopamine agonist 72 348 1692 Source: Weintraub, D., Koester, J., Potenza, M. N., Siderowf, A. D., Stacy, M., Voon, V., & Lang, A. E. (2010) Impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease: a cross-sectional study of 3090 patients. Archives of neurology, 67(5), 589-595. 4.7 marks] Weintraub et al (2010) conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the poten...
A group of pregnant women were followed prospectively to investigate the role of cigarette smoking and...
A group of pregnant women were followed prospectively to investigate the role of cigarette smoking and risk of low birth weight. At the first prenatal visit, 2200 women were classified as current smokers or non-smokers (defined as former smokers or never smokers). The outcome, low birthweight, was defined as a birthweight < 2500 grams. After completion of the study, the investigators reported the results in the form of calculated rates and measures of effect. What study design was used to...
10 PPH4801/MPHDHM9 Jan/Feb 2016 QUESTION 2 A clinical tral is run to assess the efficacy of...
10 PPH4801/MPHDHM9 Jan/Feb 2016 QUESTION 2 A clinical tral is run to assess the efficacy of a new drug to reduce high blood pressure Patents with a diagnosis of hypertension are recruted to participate in the tnal and randomised to receive ether the new drug or placebo Particpants take the assigned drug for 12 weeks and their blood pressure status is recorded At the end of the tral, participants are classified as stil having hypertension or not The data are...
PPH4801/MPHDHM9 JAN/FEB 2017 SECTION B. You MUST answer a TOTAL of THREE (3) questons QUESTION 1...
PPH4801/MPHDHM9 JAN/FEB 2017 SECTION B. You MUST answer a TOTAL of THREE (3) questons QUESTION 1 An investigator wants to assess whether smoking is a nsk factor for pancreatic cancer Electronic medical records at a local hospital will be used to identfy 50 patents with pancreatic cancer One hundred patients who are similar but free from pancreatic cancer will also be selected Each particapant's health record will be analysed for smoking history 11 Name the type of study proposed 12...
In the intervention group, 210 of 1267 girls had a
pregnancy event (birth or induced abortion)
In the comparison group, 168 of 1567 girls had a
pregnancy event
1. Using these numbers, prepare a contingency table like
figure:
Intervention
Control
Total
Pregnancy Event
No Pregnancy Event
Total
2. Calculate the relative risk for pregnancy between the
intervention and comparison group.
3. Based on your calculation of the relative
risk, what effect did participation in the infant simulator
intervention have on pregnancy...
Person-Years at Risk and Incidence Density Person-Years at Risk sum of the amount of time a participant is at risk for the outcome in a study. (# persons x at risk for 1 year + # persons x at risk for 2 years + # persons x at risk for 3 years, etc.) Incidence Density (IDL- new cases of disease or mortality in persons at risk/person-time at risk. Incidence Density in Not Exposed (IDE) Person-time at risk Incidence Density in...
ST 350 NCSU
4. /1 points Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young children presents significant challenges to the children, their parents, and their classroom teachers. Stimulant medication can effectively treat 60% to 70% of youth with ADHD. Yet many parents seek alternative therapies, and Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) is 1 of the top 3 alternative therapies used My Notes In a recent study in the Journal of the American Medical Association, Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) for Attention-...
Table 3: Dopamine Agonist Treatment Status and Impulse Control Disorder (ICD) Frequencies One or More Current No Current ICDs ICDs 978 No dopamine agonist Dopamine agonist 72 348 1692 Source: Weintraub, D., Koester, J., Potenza, M. N., Siderowf, A. D., Stacy, M., Voon, V., & Lang, A. E. (2010) Impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease: a cross-sectional study of 3090 patients. Archives of neurology, 67(5), 589-595. 4.7 marks] Weintraub et al (2010) conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the poten...
A group of pregnant women were followed prospectively to investigate the role of cigarette smoking and risk of low birth weight. At the first prenatal visit, 2200 women were classified as current smokers or non-smokers (defined as former smokers or never smokers). The outcome, low birthweight, was defined as a birthweight < 2500 grams. After completion of the study, the investigators reported the results in the form of calculated rates and measures of effect. What study design was used to...
10 PPH4801/MPHDHM9 Jan/Feb 2016 QUESTION 2 A clinical tral is run to assess the efficacy of a new drug to reduce high blood pressure Patents with a diagnosis of hypertension are recruted to participate in the tnal and randomised to receive ether the new drug or placebo Particpants take the assigned drug for 12 weeks and their blood pressure status is recorded At the end of the tral, participants are classified as stil having hypertension or not The data are...
PPH4801/MPHDHM9 JAN/FEB 2017 SECTION B. You MUST answer a TOTAL of THREE (3) questons QUESTION 1 An investigator wants to assess whether smoking is a nsk factor for pancreatic cancer Electronic medical records at a local hospital will be used to identfy 50 patents with pancreatic cancer One hundred patients who are similar but free from pancreatic cancer will also be selected Each particapant's health record will be analysed for smoking history 11 Name the type of study proposed 12...
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> Expose to lead paint attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD
Yes No
Yes 53 197
No 71 429
mudhi Abdullah Fri, Nov 19, 2021 9:45 AM