Homework Answers
4. Potassium, Sodium
In a resting neuron, the resting membrane potential is the result Na+ going out and K+ coming in, by the action of Na+/K+ ATPase, and Potassium-selective ions that remain open throughout, allowing a free passage across the membrane.
5. The Na+/K+ ATPase rapidly pump three Na+ out of the cell in the exchange of two K+ into the cell. Potassium-selective ions that remain open throughout, allowing a free passage across the membrane.
6. The arrival of an action potential (or stimulus) stimulates the opening of voltage gated Na+ channels, which increase the membrane potential from -70mV to +30mV (depolarization).
7. At a membrane potential of +30mV, the voltage gated Na+ channels are shut and voltage gated K+ channels open, which brings down the voltage to -75mV (due to exiting K+ ions). This voltage causes shutting down of K+ channels, returning the membrane potential to resting potential (-70mM)
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In a resting neuron, ion channels for the diffusion of____are typically open, while those that allow____to...
In its resting state, the membrane surrounding a neuron is permeable to potassium ions but only...
In its resting state, the membrane surrounding a neuron is
permeable to potassium ions but only slightly permeable to sodium
ions. Thus, positive K ions can flow through the membrane in an
attempt to equalize K concentration, but Na ions cannot as quickly.
This leads to an excess of Na ions outside of the cell. If the
space outside the cell is defined as zero electric potential, then
the electric potential of the interior of the cell is negative.
This...
The amphipathie antibiotic, Valinomycin, is capable of facilitating diffusion of potassium ions because it can effectively...
The amphipathie antibiotic, Valinomycin, is capable of facilitating diffusion of potassium ions because it can effectively replace the solvation shell of the ion while being able to diffuse through the plasma membrane. What would happen if all of the potassium ion channels were blocked and then valinomycin was added to the cells immediately after? Consider that the experiment is performed on neurons in the resting state and other ion channels are intact. U K would be transported inside the neuron,...
Complete each sentence to demonstrate your understanding of the resting membrane potential. Thank you!! Complete each...
Complete each sentence to demonstrate your understanding of the
resting membrane potential.
Thank you!!
Complete each sentence to demonstrate your understanding of the resting membrane potential. opposite The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is mv. equilibrium potential At rest, the establishes and maintains the concentration gradients for these ions across the plasma membrane When the membrane potential is at the equilibrium potential for a particular ion, there is of the ion through open ion channels, but no Na...
Why is there not a resting membrane potential in autorhythmic cells? A) The Cat+ channels open too early B) The Kt...
Why is there not a resting membrane potential in autorhythmic cells? A) The Cat+ channels open too early B) The Kt channels are not finished closing when the Cat+ channels open C) The lf channels are open when repolarization ends D) The lf channels are not open when depolarization begins Which cells secrete renin in response to low blood pressure? A) granular cells C) myogenic cells B) macula densa cells D) tubulorenal cells What is the MAIN reason intercalated disks...
2. Neuron during an action potential: a. What triggers the first action potential (which ion)? b....
2. Neuron during an action potential: a. What triggers the first action potential (which ion)? b. What is the typical threshold potential of a neuron? c. The calculated equilibrium potential of Na+ (EN) is approx. +60mV (calculated). Explain how this is related to the rising phase of an action potential (depolarization). d. The calculated equilibrium potential of K+ (EK) is approx. -90mV. Explain how this is related to the falling phase (repolarization). e. Direction of Nation movement (influx/efflux). f. Direction...
How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion? Facilitated diffusion requires ATP Facilitated diffusion requires a...
How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion? Facilitated diffusion requires ATP Facilitated diffusion requires a solute-specific protein carrier Facilitated diffusion transports solute against its’ concentration gradient Which of the following is TRUE about primary active cell membrane transport? It is a form of transport that requires a protein “pump” It is a form of transport that transports ions and/or solute against their concentration gradient It is a transport mechanism that requires energy released from the splitting of ATP by...
Given these parameters, what is the AG for K ion transport into the frog muscle cell...
Given these parameters, what is the AG for K ion transport into the frog muscle cell in the presence of Ach? Dr. Knowsalot smiles and nods. "Good," she says. "Now let's see whether K+ ions pass through the open Ach receptors into the cell. As you might remember, these channels are permeable to Na+, K+, and Ca2+. For a typical frog muscle cell, the concentration of K+ is roughly 124 mM inside the cell and 2.30 mM outside the cell."...
change pas channels in the volta t ive protein to change shape. This A of the...
change pas channels in the volta t ive protein to change shape. This A of the S l e terminal siste oplasmic reticum calcio p r eneule warcoplasm reticulum sodium ions m o nster transverse tubules sarcolemma: calcium ions Saroplasmic reticum: triadsarcolemma: calcium ions sons bind to This causes a change in shape and exposing C D E Calcium vesicle tylcholine action potential Sodium sarcolemma calcium on myosin heads Sodium sacoplasmic reticulum calcium ions actin 15. An attaches to exposed...
For each multiple choice, what is the answer and why? 5. Myelin A) is only found...
For
each multiple choice, what is the answer and why?
5. Myelin A) is only found in the peripheral nervous system B) is secreted from the axon terminals of autonomic neurons. C) is a carbohydrate within the membranes of some neuroglia. D) is a chemical present in the plasma membrane of neurons. E) influences the rate of conduction of an electrical signal down an axon. 6. Which of the following organs/structures is (are) innervated by somatic motor nerves? (only ONE...
1. What channels or carriers are NOT found at the axon to the axon terminal? Select...
1. What channels or carriers are NOT found at the axon to the axon terminal? Select one: a. Na+ leaky channels b. Cl- gated channels c. Na+ gated channels d. Na+-K+ ATPase e. None of the above 2. What is TRUE about action potential in the neuron? There may be more than one answer. Select one or more: a. At resting membrane potential (-70mV), the inactivation gate of the Na+ channel is closed while the activation gate is opened. b....
In its resting state, the membrane surrounding a neuron is
permeable to potassium ions but only slightly permeable to sodium
ions. Thus, positive K ions can flow through the membrane in an
attempt to equalize K concentration, but Na ions cannot as quickly.
This leads to an excess of Na ions outside of the cell. If the
space outside the cell is defined as zero electric potential, then
the electric potential of the interior of the cell is negative.
This...
The amphipathie antibiotic, Valinomycin, is capable of facilitating diffusion of potassium ions because it can effectively replace the solvation shell of the ion while being able to diffuse through the plasma membrane. What would happen if all of the potassium ion channels were blocked and then valinomycin was added to the cells immediately after? Consider that the experiment is performed on neurons in the resting state and other ion channels are intact. U K would be transported inside the neuron,...
Complete each sentence to demonstrate your understanding of the
resting membrane potential.
Thank you!!
Complete each sentence to demonstrate your understanding of the resting membrane potential. opposite The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is mv. equilibrium potential At rest, the establishes and maintains the concentration gradients for these ions across the plasma membrane When the membrane potential is at the equilibrium potential for a particular ion, there is of the ion through open ion channels, but no Na...
Why is there not a resting membrane potential in autorhythmic cells? A) The Cat+ channels open too early B) The Kt channels are not finished closing when the Cat+ channels open C) The lf channels are open when repolarization ends D) The lf channels are not open when depolarization begins Which cells secrete renin in response to low blood pressure? A) granular cells C) myogenic cells B) macula densa cells D) tubulorenal cells What is the MAIN reason intercalated disks...
2. Neuron during an action potential: a. What triggers the first action potential (which ion)? b. What is the typical threshold potential of a neuron? c. The calculated equilibrium potential of Na+ (EN) is approx. +60mV (calculated). Explain how this is related to the rising phase of an action potential (depolarization). d. The calculated equilibrium potential of K+ (EK) is approx. -90mV. Explain how this is related to the falling phase (repolarization). e. Direction of Nation movement (influx/efflux). f. Direction...
Given these parameters, what is the AG for K ion transport into the frog muscle cell in the presence of Ach? Dr. Knowsalot smiles and nods. "Good," she says. "Now let's see whether K+ ions pass through the open Ach receptors into the cell. As you might remember, these channels are permeable to Na+, K+, and Ca2+. For a typical frog muscle cell, the concentration of K+ is roughly 124 mM inside the cell and 2.30 mM outside the cell."...
change pas channels in the volta t ive protein to change shape. This A of the S l e terminal siste oplasmic reticum calcio p r eneule warcoplasm reticulum sodium ions m o nster transverse tubules sarcolemma: calcium ions Saroplasmic reticum: triadsarcolemma: calcium ions sons bind to This causes a change in shape and exposing C D E Calcium vesicle tylcholine action potential Sodium sarcolemma calcium on myosin heads Sodium sacoplasmic reticulum calcium ions actin 15. An attaches to exposed...
For
each multiple choice, what is the answer and why?
5. Myelin A) is only found in the peripheral nervous system B) is secreted from the axon terminals of autonomic neurons. C) is a carbohydrate within the membranes of some neuroglia. D) is a chemical present in the plasma membrane of neurons. E) influences the rate of conduction of an electrical signal down an axon. 6. Which of the following organs/structures is (are) innervated by somatic motor nerves? (only ONE...
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