Question

Beams and columns are structural elements that transfer load from the structure's top to the foundation. The configuration, location and selection of a suitable type of these structural members are of immense importance . 

In your classroom, you can see the structural arrangement of beams and columns.  

Students must design at least two types of beams and columns capable of carrying a load of 55 KN to replace the present concrete beam column arrangement. 

You are free to use any material you want, as long as it is superior to concrete.

1. Using Mohr's circle, calculate the principal strains produced in both cases and in both elements.

2. Examine the stresses generated in structural members when subjected to the given load.(explain+drawn)

3. Examine the structural member for failures and choose three configuration with justification.(explain+drawn)

4.Can different shapes of structure members effects stresses produced in structure member like circular, rectangular etc? (Explain)

5. Explain bending moment diagram and shear diagram of selected material with calaculations. (Drawn)

Answer 1

The load on the floor is \(W=236 \mathrm{PSF}\)

Since the structure is symmetrical, boad coming on every beam is similar:

Considering one of the bearn,

Span of the being \(l=12 \mathrm{ft}\)

Tributary area is \(A_{r}=12 \times 5=60 \mathrm{ft}^{2}\)

Unifom load on the bean is \(14=236 \times 12=2832 \mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{ft}\)

Shear force is \(S=\frac{wl}{2}=\frac{2832 \times 12}{2}=1699216\)

Bending moment is \(M=\frac{\text { wl }^{2}}{8}=\frac{2832 \times 12^{2}}{8}=50976 \mathrm{sb} . \mathrm{ft}\)

(For simply supported beam)