Question

3. The following two tables describe a single and unusual event that occurred in a population. The tables show population by selected characteristics (socioeconomic status, age group) a. Describe the characteristics of the exposed population. b. What is unusual about the structure of this population? c. What subgroups of the population have the highest and lowest death rates? What types of situations could have brought this population together in time and place? e. What type of study do you think this information came from? f. What do you think was responsible? By Economic Status and Sex ODOODPOVEDORES-DE Population Exposed Number of to Risk Deaths DSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS Male Female Both Male Female Both Deaths per 100 Exposed to Risk Economic Status Male Female Both 172 132 103 304 275 712 I(high) II III Unknown 111 150 419 6 13 65 87 117 163 526 13 07 32 Total 857 466 1323 688 13181980 28 62 By Economic Status and Age -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Population Exposed Number of Deaths per 100 to Risk Deaths Exposed to Risk ---------- Adult Child Both Adult Child Both Adult Child Both Economic Status 280 50 0 I and II III Unknown 560 19 645 320 579 712 32 280 477 13 48 74 41 0 13 41 Total 1237 86 1323 770 49 819 62 57 62 Table 1: Population at Risk, Deaths, and Death Rates for an Unusual Episode

Answer 1

Sol.a- The following population tables show the characteristics according to the economic status, age, mortality rates and gender. Characteristics of the exposed population of both the charts-

1. In the first chart according to economic status and gender during the high phase of economy the number of males were higher than the females and same in the 2nd phase also. In the unknown economic status the male population was lesser than the females. Also during the third phase a very high rise in the male numbers was seen compared to the 1st and 2nd phase and a tremendous decline in the male numbers was observed in the last phase.

2. In the second chart according to economic status and age during the 1st ,2nd and 3rd economic phase the no. of adults were higher than the child population. In the unknown phase only adult population was exposed at risk.

3. The mortality rate in the first chart shows that the no. of female death rates were lower than the male in the both the death rate categories in the chart.

4. The mortality rates in the second chart shows that during the 1st, 2nd and unknown phases the number of child death was nil. Only during the third phase child death was observed but lower in number than the adult population.

Soln b- The unusual factor of this population structure is that firstly lack of uniformity in the population numbers according to the economic status is observed. For eg.- The sudden increase of one one category of population, after an equal rate is seen and then again subsequent decline in the same category. Secondly only mortality rates are taken. In a population birth, death, emigration, immigration is also taken into account.

Soln c- The highest death rate is seen the male and the adult subgroup and the lowest death rate is seen in the child subgroup and then followed by the female population.

Soln d- A number of situations may have contributed to bring this population together in time and place. The possible reason could be high immigration rate due to several economic issues, habitat issues.