Reliability of Product Design A:
Reliability of a chain of components is the multiplication of individual component reliability.
R1 = 0.97
R2 = 0.93
R3 = 0.996
R4 = 0.992
Hence RA = R1 * R2 * R3 * R4 = 0.97 * 0.93 * 0.996 * 0.992 = 0.8913
Reliability of Product Design B:
Reliability of a component with backup is = reliability of main component + reliability of backup * (1 – reliability of main component)
Here R3 and R4 has backup
R3 = 0.981 with backup reliability = 0.91.
Hence R3 = 0.981 + 0.91*(1-0.981) = 0.99829
R4 = 0.96 with a backup reliability 0.96
Hence R4 = 0.96 + 0.96*(1-0.96) = 0.9984
Here
R1 = 0.97
R2 = 0.93
R3 = 0.99829
R4 = 0.9984
Hence RB = R1 * R2 * R3 * R4 = 0.97 * 0.93 * 0.99829 * 0.9984 = 0.8991
Hence product design B has higher Reliability
Reliability of product design A = 89.13%
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