(a) Solve the simultaneous congruences p = 1 (mod x – 3), p = 7 (mod...
(d) Decrypt the ciphertext message LEWLYPLUJL PZ H NYLHA ALHJOLY that was encrypted with the shift cipher f(p) (p+7) mod 26. [10 points] (e) [Extra Credit - 5 points] Encrypt the message "BA" using the RSA cryptosystem with key (ne) = (35,5), where n = p . q 5-7 and ged(e, (p-1) 1)) (5, 24) 1. 6. [5 points each (a) Is 2 a primitive root of 11? (b) Find the discrete logarithm of 3 modulo 11 to the base...
Arrange the steps in the correct order to solve the system of congruences x 2 (mod 3), x 1 mod 4). and x3 (mod 5) using the method of back substitution Rank the options below Thus, x= 31.2 - 3/4 + 1)2 - 120+5 We substitute this into the third congruence to obtain 12.5 13 mod 5), which implesu li imod 5) Hence, w5v4 and so x 12.5 - 12/5 + 4) - 5 - 60v. 53, where vis an...
3. (16 points) Solve the system of linear congruences using the Chinese Remainder Theorem. 4 (mod 11) a 11 (mod 12) x=0 (mod 13) b. (6 pts) Find the inverses n (mod 11), n21 (mod 12), and nz1 (mod 13). Using these ingredients find the common solution a (mod N) to the system. c. (4 pts) 4. (8 points) What is 1!+ 23+50! congruent to modulo 14?
5. (20 points) Solve the system of congruences x (mod 13) and 11 (mod 24). Find the smallest nonnegative integer solution to the system.
Need help!! Please help — crypto math 1. Determine L13(18) for p 19. 2. Let p be prime, and α a primitive root mod p. Prove that α(p-1)/2-_1 (mod p). 3. It can be shown that 5 is a primitive root for the prime 1223. You want to solve the discrete logarithm problem 53 (mod 1223). You know 3611 Prove it. 1 (mod 1223). Is x even or odd? 1. Determine L13(18) for p 19. 2. Let p be prime,...
(3) Solve the following linear congruence: 271 = 12 mod 39. (4) Solve the following set of simultaneous linear congruences: 3x = 6 mod 11, x = 5 mod 7 and 2x = 3 mod 15.
7.23 Theorem. Let p be a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. Let a be a natural number with 1 a< p-1. Then a is a quadrutic residue modulo pif and only ifp-a is a quadratic non-residue modulo p. 7.24 Theorem. Let p be a prime of the form p odd prime. Then p 3 (mod 4). 241 where q is an The next theorem describes the symmetry between primitive roots and quadratic residues for primes arising from odd Sophie...
9. Use the construction in the proof of the Chinese remainder theorem to find a solution to the system of congruences X 1 mod 2 x 2 mod 3 x 3 mod 5 x 4 mod 11 10. Use Fermats little theorem to find 712 mod 13 11. What sequence of pseudorandom numbers is generated using the linear congruential generator Xn+1 (4xn + 1) mod 7 with seed xo 3? 9. Use the construction in the proof of the Chinese...
(1 pt) Solve each of the following congruences. Make sure that the number you enter is in the range 10, M – 1 where M is the modulus of the congruence. If there is more than one solution, enter the answer as a list separated by commas. If there is no answer, enter N. (a) 38.r = 1 (mod 273) x= (b) 183.x = 123 (mod 273) x =
6.32 Theorem. If k and n are natural numbers with (k, d(n)) =I, then there exist positive integers u and v satisfving ku=(n)u The previous theorem not only asserts that an appropriate exponent is always availahle, but it also tells us how to find it. The numbers u and are solutions lo a lincar Diophantine cquation just like those we studied in Chapter 6.33 Exercisc. Use your observations so far to find solutions to the follow ing congruences. Be sure...