The systems or tissues frogs use in addition to lungs for respiration are
1) Gills
2) skin
3) mouth
4) lungs
Gills:
All frogs go through a process called metamorphosis, in which they
mature from their larval, or tadpole, stage into adult frogs. One
of the hallmarks of this process for most frog species is the
transition from having gills to having functional lungs. A newly
hatched tadpole's gills are external. These gills take in oxygen
when water passes over them. As the tadpole matures, the gills are
absorbed by the body and become an internal part of the tadpole's
anatomy.
Lungs
Once mature, frogs lose their gills and are able to bring oxygen
into their bodies through functioning, though comparatively
underdeveloped, lungs. Frogs rely on their lungs to breathe when
they are active and need more oxygen than skin respiration alone
can provide. Unlike mammals that draw air continuously into their
lungs, frogs only breathe through lungs when necessary. Because
they lack a diaphragm to help regulate the pressure in their lungs,
frogs must use their throats, nostrils and mouths together to bring
in and expel gases.
Skin
Though they have functional lungs, much of a frog’s respiration
occurs through the skin. A frog’s moist skin is thin and marbled
with blood vessels and capillaries close to the surface. The
moisture on the skin dissolves oxygen from the air and water
surrounding the frog and transmits it into the blood. Though moist
skin is essential for this process, frogs are not limited to skin
respiration only when under water. Glands in the frog’s skin
produce mucus that keeps the skin moist and allows for respiration
even on dry land.
Mouth
Frogs have an additional surface for respiration other than their
skin -- the moist lining of the mouth. When the frog's mouth is not
submerged completely in water, this respiratory lining is in
constant use, bringing oxygen into the bloodstream from the
surrounding air and diffusing excess carbon dioxide back into the
environment.
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