Question

Consider the following C struct that represents a complex number.

struct complex {

   double real;

   double imaginary;

};

(a) [20 points/5 points each] Change this struct into a class. Make the member variables private, and add the following to the class:

• A default constructor that initializes the real and imaginary parts to 0.
• A constructor that allows initialization of both real and imaginary parts to any double value.
• A public member function that returns the magnitude of the complex number.
• A public member function that will accumulate another complex number into the object, for example, in pseudocode its equivalent to obj += other. (A note for those of you reading ahead, I’m not looking for operator overloading here.)

(b) [10 points] Implement a main function that demonstrates how to use your class. Your code must exercise all parts of the definition from part (a).

Answer 1

//Program to implement a class to represent Complex number
//and perform operations
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

//(a) Class to encapsulate Complex number features
class complex
{
//Private member variables
double real;
double imaginary;
  
//Public member features
public:
//Default Constructor
complex()
{
//Initialize real and imaginary parts to 0
real = 0;
imaginary = 0;
}
  
//Constructor that allows initialization to any double value,
//Parameterized Constructor
complex(double rVal, double iVal)
{
//Initialize real and imaginary part to passed values
real = rVal;
imaginary = iVal;
}
  
//member function that returns the magnitude of complex number
double getMagnitude()
{
/*
Magnitude of a complex number (a+bi) is represented by the
distace from the origin in an Argand diagram
that is using Pythagoras theorem, square root of (a^2 + b^2)
*/
//Calculate magnitude
double magnitude = sqrt((real*real) + (imaginary*imaginary));
  
//Return the calculated magnitude
return magnitude;
}
  
//member function that will accumulate another complex number into the object
complex accObject(const complex& other)
{
//Add each part of the obeject in a temporary object
complex temp;
temp.real = this->real + other.real;
temp.imaginary = this->imaginary + other.imaginary;
  
//return the temporary object
return temp;
}
};

//(b) Driver function main()
int main()
{
//Create an object using default constructor
complex cNum1;
  
//Create an object by passing some values ot the constructor
complex cNum2(5, -5);
  
//Calculate and print magnitude of each object
cout<<"Magnitude of first complex number: "<<cNum1.getMagnitude()<<endl;
cout<<"Magnitude of second complex number: "<<cNum2.getMagnitude()<<endl;

//Accumulate one number into another
complex accNum = cNum1.accObject(cNum2);
  
//Calculate and print the magnitude of newly formed number
cout<<"Magnitude of accumulated complex number: "<<accNum.getMagnitude()<<endl;
return 0;
}

Screenshot of Output: