Question

Create a class called Complex for performing arithmetic with complex numbers. Complex numbers have the form:

realPart + imaginaryPart * i

where i is

√-1

Use double variables to represent the private data of the class. Provide a constructor that enables an object of this class to be initialized when it’s declared. The constructor should contain default values of (1,1) i.e. 1 for the real part and 1 for the imaginary part. Provide public member functions that perform the following tasks:

(a) add – Adds two Complex numbers: The real parts are added together and the imaginary parts are added together.
(b) subtract – Subtracts two Complex numbers. The real part of the right operand is subtracted from the real part of the left operand, and the imaginary part of the right operand is subtracted from the imaginary part of the left operand.
(c) toString – Returns a string representation of a Complex number in the form (a,b), where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part.

Write a main program to test your class. Your program should prompt the user to enter two Complex numbers. If the user hits enter without entering anything, then the default value of (1,1) used by the default constructor should be used. It should then print out the sum and difference of the two Complex numbers entered. The following is a sample run:

Enter a Complex number with the real and imaginary parts separated by a comma: 4,5
Enter a Complex number with the real and imaginary parts separated by a comma: 3,2

The sum of the two complex numbers is (7,7) and the difference is (1,3).

Another sample run would be:

Enter a complex number with the real and imaginary parts separated by a comma:
Enter a complex number with the real and imaginary parts separated by a comma: 3,2

The sum of the two Complex numbers is (4,3) and the difference is (-2,-1).

This is a C++ program and please comment so I can understand, will leave thumbs up!

Answer 1

//Comments are included inline

CODE:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <tuple>

using namespace std;

class Complex
{
public:
   Complex():m_real(1),m_imaginary(1)
   {
       //Default constructor
      
   }

   Complex(double r,double i):m_real(r),m_imaginary(i){}
   Complex add(Complex c)
   {
       Complex sum;

       sum.m_real = this->m_real + c.m_real;
       sum.m_imaginary = this->m_imaginary + c.m_imaginary;

       return sum;
   }

   Complex subtract(Complex c)
   {
       Complex diff;

       diff.m_real = this->m_real - c.m_real;
       diff.m_imaginary = this->m_imaginary - c.m_imaginary;

       return diff;
   }

   string toString()
   {
       //convert into string the real and imaginary part
       return "(" + std::to_string(int(m_real)) + "," + to_string(int(m_imaginary)) + ")";
   }
private:
   double m_real;
   double m_imaginary;
};

std::tuple<double, double> getRealAndImaginary(string input)
{
   //function to convert the string into real and imaginary numbers
   if (input.length() == 0)
       return make_tuple(1, 1);
   std::stringstream ss1(input);
   std::string s1;
   vector<string> vec1;
   //split the string based on the delimiter ','
   while (getline(ss1, s1, ','))
   {
       vec1.push_back(s1);
   }

   return make_tuple(stod(vec1[0]), stod(vec1[1]));
}
int main()
{
   cout << "\nEnter a Complex number with real and imaginary part separated by a comma: ";
   string input_one;
   cin >> input_one;
   double real, imaginary;
   //getting the real and imaginary part from the function
   std::tie(real,imaginary) = getRealAndImaginary(input_one);

   //creating a complex object
   Complex c1(real, imaginary);

   cout << "\nEnter a Complex number with real and imaginary part separated by a comma: ";
   string input_two;
   cin >> input_two;

   double real1, imaginary1;
   std::tie(real1, imaginary1) = getRealAndImaginary(input_two);

   Complex c2(real1, imaginary1);

   cout << "\nSum of two complex numbers is " << c1.add(c2).toString() << " and the difference is " << c1.subtract(c2).toString();

   cout << "\nEnter a Complex number with real and imaginary part separated by a comma: ";
   string input_three;
   getline(cin, input_three);
   double real2, imaginary2;
   std::tie(real2, imaginary2) = getRealAndImaginary(input_three);

   Complex c3(real2, imaginary2);

   cout << "\nEnter a Complex number with real and imaginary part separated by a comma: ";
   string input_four;
   cin >> input_four;

   double real3, imaginary3;
   std::tie(real3, imaginary3) = getRealAndImaginary(input_four);

   Complex c4(real3, imaginary3);

   cout << "\nSum of two complex numbers is " << c3.add(c4).toString() << " and the difference is " << c3.subtract(c4).toString();

   return 0;

}

OUTPUT: