Discuss Erbium-Doped Fiber Optical Amplifier and Raman Amplifier
Def:-An erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is a device that amplifies an optical fiber signal. It is used in the telecommunications field and in various types of research fields. An EDFA is "doped" with a material called erbium. The term "doping" refers to the process of using chemical elements to facilitate results through the manipulation of electrons.
The EDFA was the first successful optical amplifier and a significant factor in the rapid deployment of fiber optic networks during the 1990s.
In general, EDFA works on the principle of stimulating the emission of photons. With EDFA, an erbium-doped optical fiber at the core is pumped with light from laser diodes. This type of setup in telecom systems can help with fiber communications, for example, boosting the power of a data transmitter. An EDFA may also be used to maintain long spans of a passive fiber network and may also be used for some types of equipment testing.
Pump lasers, known as pumping bands, insert dopants into the silica fiber, resulting in a gain, or amplification. EDFA amplification occurs as the pump laser excites the erbium ions, which then reach a higher energy level. Photons are emitted as erbium ion levels decrease, or decay. This decaying process creates an interaction between the phonons and the glass matrix, which are vibrating atomic elastic structures.
The EDFA rate, or amplification window, is based on the optical wavelength range of amplification and is determined by the dopant ions' spectroscopic properties, the optical fiber glass structure and the pump laser wavelength and power. As ions are sent into the optical fiber glass, energy levels broaden, which results in amplification window broadening and a light spectrum with a broad gain bandwidth of fiber optic amplifiers used for wavelength division multiplex communications. This single amplifier may be used with all optic fiber channel signals when signal wavelengths are in the amplification window. Optical isolator devices are placed on either side of the EDFA and serve as diodes, which prevent signals from traveling in more than one direction.
EDFAs are usually limited to no more than 10 spans covering a maximum distance of approximately 800 kilometers (km). Longer distances require an intermediate line repeater to retime and reshape the signal and filter accumulated noise from various light dispersion forms from bends in the optical fiber. In addition, EDFAs cannot amplify wavelengths shorter than 1525 nanometers (nm).
The main difference: the amplification mechanism is different. Edfa uses the principle of stimulated radiation of EDF fiber to amplify the optical signal. Raman amplification uses the Raman effect to achieve energy conversion and amplify the optical signal. In addition, edfa has a limited amplification bandwidth (near 1550 nm), and Raman amplification theoretically amplifies all bands. The Raman-amplified medium uses a common transmission fiber and does not require an additional gain medium. It is divided into distributed amplification (the amplification effect occurs in tens of kilometers of fiber) and concentrated amplification according to the different working distance (the amplification effect occurs within several kilometers). Inside the fiber). Raman amplification can achieve low noise amplification, better than EDFA, but the amplification gain is lower than EDFA (about 3 ~ 15db), and requires higher pump light (watt level).
A particular erbium-doped amplifier operates over a 35 nm bandwidth (1525-1560 nm). How many 25- GHz channels can fit into this range (by multiplexing) and, thus, be amplified simultaneously?
Please answer 3 question with detail solution 4. Describe the operating principle behind an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). 5. You are required to design an optical communications system between two locations 300 km apart. The power transmitted is 0 dBm and the receiver sensitivity is -29 dBm. The attenuation coefficient for the cable is 0.24 dB/km and there is a splice every 4 km, with a loss of 0.1 dB per splice. If the connector loss is 0.2 dB...
Photonics and Optical Revision Sheet 1 1. Caculate the photon energy in eV for a wavelength of 1.55 um 2, A 1.55 μm digital communications system operating at 4 GBits/s receives an average power of -24 dBm at the detector. On the assumption that 1 and 0 bits are equally likely to occur how many photons are received within each 1 bit? 3. A1.3 um digital communications system operating at 3 GBits/s receives an average power of -29 dBm at...
Discuss the features (applications/characteristics/advantages/disadvantages) of the following: (a) Twisted pair; (b) Optical fiber – include/explain modes in your discussion
i) A fiber has an optical loss of 0.3 dB/km. What is the optical loss of a 150 km length of this fiber in units of dBs? ii) If 1 mW of optical power at a wavelength of <lambda> = 1550 nm is coupled into this fiber, what will the output power be after 50 km?
product for an optical fiber m-1 and optical e the bandwidth and length with chromatic dispersion coefficient 8pskm-1n dwidth for 10km of this kind of fiber and linewidth of 2nm. ban product for an optical fiber m-1 and optical e the bandwidth and length with chromatic dispersion coefficient 8pskm-1n dwidth for 10km of this kind of fiber and linewidth of 2nm. ban
An optical fiber is constructed out of an inner glass fiber with an index of refraction of 1.62 and an outer plastic coating with an index of refraction of 1.44. Find the critical angle for total internal reflection in this fiber.
1. ) An Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier (EDFA) consists of glass rod of length L = 7 m and effective cross-sectional area A = 12.5 um? (so that the optical volume is AxL). The concentration of Er3+ ions in the glass is N = 109 cm? We can represent Er3+ as a 3-level system as shown in the diagram below. The pump wavelength is 1480 nm and the emission wavelength is 1550 nm. Let Ni and N2 be the concentrations...
The “TIA” amplifier in Prob. 1 is employed as an optical reviver (Rx) in a Fios system. Its function is to receive digital data from a transmitter (Tx) who sends the data as light pulses through a fiber optic cable employing a laser diode. The Rx converts these into a bit stream of voltage Vo (See waveforms below). LIGH7 Vo bias Dark Current Vbias (reverse) oras
Consider the optical fiber made of a single core. The index of refraction of the material of the optical fiber is 1.3, and the index of refraction of the air is 1.0. Light strikes at one end and it passes through the interface as shown . The angle of incidence θ1 is: A.) 420 B.) 560 C.) 400 D.) 500 10 e air Section of an optical fiber