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Explain why compound containing carbonate ion, phosphate ion, chromate ion, and sulfide ion water insoluble? Why...

Explain why compound containing carbonate ion, phosphate ion, chromate ion, and sulfide ion water insoluble?

Why compounds containing Li^+, Na^+. K^+, Cs^+, or NH4^+ are exceptions (water soluble)?

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Answer #1

Generally, For solubility condition lattice energy must be less than the hydration energy. But the most of the compound cantaining carbonate ion, phosphate ion, chromate ion, and sulfide ion has Higher lattice energy. That's reason compound containing carbonate ion, phosphate ion, chromate ion, and sulfide ion are water insoluble.

Solubility of salts is related to the strength of attraction between the positive and negative ions. The compounds containing Li^+, Na^+. K^+, Cs^+ (Alkali metal ions), or NH4^+ ion have a low charge and a large radius, which both reduces the attraction, so salts containing these ions are generally soluble. Compare this to for instance the Al3+ ion that has a small radius and a high (3+) charge. Many Al salts are insoluble.

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