1. What is Integrated Pest Management (IMP), what are its objectives, what does the phrase ‘action threshold’ mean pertaining to IPM, and give two examples of IPM.
2. Discuss the factors that influence the ability of a plant to extract water from the soil.
3. In the following table, based on the characteristics listed, state whether the plant is a dicot, a monocot or could be either type of plant.
| Characteristic | Type of plant (Monocot, Dicot, or Either) |
| Perennial life span | |
| Seed contains 2 cotyledon | |
| Intercalary meristems | |
| Epigeal emergence | |
| Parallel leaf venation | |
| Floral parts usually in multiples of 3 |
4. Describe the growth of a plant under low light intensity conditions.
5. You are a greenhouse grower who wants to induce flowering in long day plants. What are two methods commonly used to accomplish this?
6. How does the light quality environment change when light is filtered through plant leaves? How would the plants
grown
under a leaf canopy (understory plants) respond to this change in light quality?
7. Define each of the following: climate, weather, and microclimate
8. The relative proportion (percent) of sand, silt, and clay in soil is:
A. soil texture
B. soil compaction
C. soil structure
D. none of the above
9. Which parts of the light spectrum are most important for photosynthesis:
10. How do sand, clay, and silt differ in texture and water drainage (which has the lowest water holding capacity)?
11. A fibrous root system:
A. is initiated from any part of the plant other than the radicle
B. absorbs water and nutrients within the root zone
C. has many roots of similar size originating from the plant stem
D. is made of numerous roots thoroughly distributed throughout the root zone
E. all of the above
F. b, c, and d only
1. IPM is a managed pest management system that is used to eliminate or mitigate the economic and social damages caused by pests. It minimizes the use of pesticides in the field and the risk caused by pesticides application to human health and the environment. It involves site inspections, pest population monitoring, evaluating the need for pest control. there are some pest control methods like sanitation, structural repairs, mechanical and biological controls and other non-chemical methods.
Objectives:
A well-defined Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a program that focuses on the prevention, monitoring, and control of pests which helps in eliminating or drastically reduce the use of pesticides, and to minimize the toxicity and exposure to pesticide products.
Action threshold is defined as the number of pests or level of pest damage which in turn requires quick action to prevent further damage due to exceeding tolerable pesticide levels. This varies with the pest’s effect on human health and safety. Example: turf weeds on a practice field are high threshold pests; a wasp nest on a playground equipment has a very low action threshold and so it requires immediate attention.
2. Permeability - It is the measure of the ability of air and water to move through the soil. Permeability is influenced by the size, shape and continuity of the pore spaces, which in turn are dependent on the soil bulk density, structure and texture of the soil.
Infiltration - It is the downward flow of water from the surface through the soil. The infiltration rate (also called as intake rate) is the measure of the soil's ability to absorb an amount of rain or irrigation water during a specific time period. It is commonly expressed in inches per hour. Infiltration process is dependent on the permeability of the surface soil, moisture content of the soil and surface conditions such as roughness due to tillage and plant residue, slope and plant cover.
1. What is Integrated Pest Management (IMP), what are its objectives, what does the phrase ‘action...