Question

C++

class Time { public: Time(); Time(int hrs, int min, int sec); private: int hours; int minutes; int seconds; };

1. Write the class definition for ExtendedTime which derives from Time via public inheritance. Add private data member time_zone which is an enum type TimeZone (enum TimeZone { PACIFIC, MOUNTAIN, CENTRAL, EASTERN } ). Add a default and alternate constructors to ExtendedTime to initialize all class (including the base class) data; use the base member initialization list. NOTE: This implies implementing default, alternate constructors for class Time as well.

2. Class Invoice contains a private data member purchase_time of type Time. Write default, alternate constructors for Invoice which initializes purchase_time; use the base member initialization list.

3. We would like to be able to print out dates for class ExtendedTime seamlessly to the console via COUT. Add an overloaded insertion stream operator << to ExtendedTime. Do the same for the Invoice class. You will need to use a friend. HW03EC – Base Init List, Overloading & Friends [+10%]

4. Instantiate ExtendedTime, Invoice objs in client code (passing data to alternate constructors). Print out class data to the console via <<.

C++

Answer 1

Short Summary:

• Implemented all the necessary functions as described and shown the output
• Follow the program inline comments to understand the flow

Source Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

//enum - TimeZone
enum TimeZone { PACIFIC, MOUNTAIN, CENTRAL, EASTERN };

//Declare the classes first to use it in Time class
class ExtendedTime;
class Invoice;

/***
* Base class: Time
*/
class Time {
  
private:
//private member varibales
int hours;
int minutes;
int seconds;

public:
/**
* Default constructor
* Defaults all the member instances to ZERO
*/
Time()
{
hours = 0;
minutes = 0;
seconds = 0;
}
  
/**
* Alternate constructor
* Assign the member instance values to corresponding parameter values
*/
Time(int hrs, int min, int sec)
{
hours = hrs;
minutes = min;
seconds = sec;
}
  
// friend functions for operators << for invoice and extendedtime classes
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& ,const Invoice&);
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& ,const ExtendedTime&);
};

/**
* ExtendedTime - derives from Time via public inheritance
*/
class ExtendedTime : public Time
{
private:
//private member varibales
//Zone - type of enum TimeZone
TimeZone zone;

public:

/**
* Default constructor
* uses the base member initialization list
* Calls parent class default constructor
* And Defaults timezone to EASTERN
*/
ExtendedTime():Time()
{
zone = TimeZone::EASTERN;
}

/**
* Alternate constructor
* uses the base member initialization list
* Calls parent class parameterized constructor
* And assigns TimeZone
*/
ExtendedTime(int hrs, int min, int sec, TimeZone tzone):Time(hrs, min, sec)
{
zone = tzone;
}

/**
* Operator << Overloading
* Formats anf prints the time and TimeZone
* hh:mm:ss TimeZone
* cout << setw (2) << setfill ('0') << minute << "\n";
*/
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ExtendedTime &et)
{
//Find the timezone string
string strZone;
switch(et.zone)
{
case 0:
strZone = "PST";
break;
case 1:
strZone = "MST";
break;
case 2:
strZone = "CST";
break;
case 3:
strZone = "EST";
break;
}
//Format the string
os << setfill('0') << setw(2) << et.hours << ':'
<< setw(2) << et.minutes << ':' << setw(2) << et.seconds << " " << strZone;
return os;
}
};

/**
* Class: Invoice
* Contains a private data member purchase_time of type Time
*/
class Invoice
{
private:
//private member varibales
//Zone - type of enum TimeZone
Time purchase_time;

public:
  
/**
* Default constructor
* uses the base member initialization list
* Calls parent class default constructor
*/
Invoice()
{
purchase_time = Time();
}
  
/**
* Alternate constructor
* uses the base member initialization list
* Calls parent class parameterized constructor
*/
Invoice(int hrs, int min, int sec)
{
purchase_time = Time(hrs, min, sec);
}

/**
* Operator << Overloading
* Formats anf prints the time and TimeZone
* hh:mm:ss
* cout << setw (2) << setfill ('0') << minute << "\n";
*/
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& os, const Invoice& invoice)
{
// format Invoice Time: hh:mm:ss
//Format the string
os << setfill('0') << setw(2) << invoice.purchase_time.hours << ':'
<< setw(2) << invoice.purchase_time.minutes << ':' << setw(2) << invoice.purchase_time.seconds;
return os;
}
};

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
//ExtendedTime using Alternate constructor
cout << "ExtendedTime using Alternate constructor" << endl;
ExtendedTime et2(1, 2, 30, TimeZone::PACIFIC);
//print using operator overload
cout << et2 << endl;

//Invoice using Alternate constructor
cout << "\nInvoice using Alternate constructor" << endl;
Invoice invoice2(4, 56, 5);
//print using operator overload
cout << invoice2 << endl;
  
return 0;
}

Refer the following screenshots for code indentation:

Sample Run:

Feel free to rate the answer and comment your questions if you have any.

Hit the like button and appreciate our time.

Happy Studying!!