Question

1. Explain how each of these phrases relates to the concept of a gene. Use at least one full sentence for each.

1. Composed of DNA
2. Encodes a protein
3. Transcribed into mRNA
4. A unit of inheritance
5. A specific location on a chromosome
6. The specifier of a phenotype

2. What are 2 of the advantages of using a mouse model rather than yeast? What are 2 of the disadvantages?

3. Humans and monkeys share a common ancestor. They have many shared characteristics and many that are different. Compare the two groups. Describe 2 beneficial mutations that humans evolved that monkeys do not share.

Answer 1

Concept of gene

Composed of DNA- DNA is the genetic makeup of our body and contains all the information that is being present in individuals body make up. So these genes are nothing but a part of information from the DNA.

Encodes a protein- Gene of any character is responsible for production of a protein that will bring such phenotypical effect in an individual. So Genes are responsible for production of specific proteins.

Transcribed into mRNA- DNA is being transcribed into mRNA and this mRna will futher code for proteins and we know that genes are responsible for specific proteins..

A unit of inheritance- Genes make up the genetic composition of body and is being inherited during reproduction from parent cells to progeny.

A specific location on chromosome- there are many different genes in our body responsible for different characteristics. So each gene is located on chromosome and their position is fixed on the chromosome.

The specifier of a phenotype- Presence/ absence , dominant/ recessive character of gene is responsible for the phenotype of an individual.

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