Question

What are the benefits and disadvantages of object-oriented programming?

What is the difference between a flat-file database and a relational database?

In what situations is it more appropriate to a flat-file database over a relational database, and vice versa?

What are the advantages to using cookies to power a web application? Are there any risks involved using cookies?

Answer 1

Advantages

1. The programmes written with OOP are really easy to understand.

2. Since everything is treated as objects, so we can model a real-world concept using OOP.

3. OOP approach offers the reusability of classes. We can reuse the classes that are already created without writing them again and again.

4. Since the parallel development of classes is possible in OOP concept, It results in the quick development of the complete programmes.

5. Programmes written in OOP technique are marginally easier to test, manage as well as maintain.

6. It is a secured development technique since data is hidden and can’t be accessed by external functions.

Disadvantages:-

1. Sometimes, the relation among the classes become artificial in nature.

2. Designing a program in OOP concept is a little bit tricky.

3. The programmer should have a proper planning before designing a program using OOP approach.

4. Since everything is treated as objects in OOP, the programmers need proper skill such as design skills, programming skills, thinking in terms of objects etc.

5. The size of programmes developed with OOP is larger than the procedural approach.

6. Since larger in size, that means more instruction to be executed, which results in the slower execution of programmes.

Flat-File Databases	Relational Databases
Flat file databases are typically plain text files that store one record per line, with record fields delimited by whitespace or a delimiting character. Flat file databases can be read directly by a variety of software applications	In addition to the data tables, relational databases use "indexes" to quickly find records based on search criteria. Relational databases generally require a relational database management system (RDBMS) to manage and access the data.
Flat file databases are simple and portable, and typically can be used without requiring special software.	Relational databases are faster, more efficient and more powerful than flat files. Most RDBMSs provide database access over networks.

Flat-File Importance

A flat-file database is a database of just one table. It can be created in database software or in a spreadsheet and is often saved as a CSV file.A single flat-file table is useful for recording a limited amount of data.A flat file is easier to setup because it is not as complex as a relational database. it contains a single table/single spreadsheet of data unlike a relational database which contains multiple table of data.A flat file is easier to set up is an advantage of using a flat file instead of a relational database.It is easier to assign foreign keys to a flat file.A flat file reduces storage of redundant data.A flat file reduces storage of irrelevant data.Example:usernames and passwords,contact details,product details.

Advantages to using cookies to power a web application:

• Conveniency: Cookies not only remember which websites you have been to, they also remember information about forms. Tired of filling out your address every time you buy something online? Cookies can make filling out address forms quick and efficient.
• Personalization: Cookies are like the theme song to the popular sitcom Cheers, Where everybody knows your name. They are great for serving up personalized content that is geared towards that specific user’s preferences
• Effective Advertising: How nice would it be to only be offered products or services that are relevant to you? Internet marketing companies collect data from cookies to run marketing campaigns aimed at a very specific market
• Ease of Control: It is actually really easy to manage your cookies if you know how. Most browsers make it easy for you to clear your browsing history.