Question

Convert the following argument into standard categorical form or, if that is not possible, bring them as close as you can to standard Categorical form:

1) There are plants grow here, and since vegetation requires water, water must be present.

Answer 1

Most functions in which plant water is involved, are of a physical nature. Water is a solvent for many substances such as inorganic salts, sugars and organic anions. It is also the medium in which all biochemical reactions take place. Water molecules are adsorbed at the surfaces of particles forming hydration shells, which influence physical and chemical reactions. Water in liquid form allows the diffusion and mass flow of solutes, and for this reason is essential for the translocation and distribution of nutrients and metabolites throughout the entire plant. Water is also important in the vacuoles of plant cells as it generally exerts an intracellular pressure on the protoplasm and cell wall (so called turgor pressure) thus maintaining the rigidity of leaves, roots and other plant organs. These few examples indicate the overall importance of water in plant physiology.