Question

Question 1 During ventricular fibrillation, there is no coordinated ventricular contraction. What effect does this have on cardiac output?

a. Increased cardiac output.

b. Decreased cardiac output.

c. No cardiac output.

d. Cardiac output will remain normal.

e. None of the above is correct

Question 2 A “portal system” is the name for

a. arteries that bypass a major organ.

b. veins that bypass a major organ.

c. two capillary beds in series.

d. arteries that connect directly to veins without a capillary bed.

e. Veins in motion

Question 3 In cardiomyocytes action potentials, voltage-gated Na+ channels are in _______ cells open during _______.

a. autorhythmic and contractile; depolarization

b. autorhythmic; depolarization

c. contractile; depolarization

d. contractile; plateau

e. autorhythmic and contractile; repolarization

Question 4 Metarterioles allow white blood cells to go directly from the arterial to the venous circulation, bypassing the capillaries.

a. True

b. False

Question 5 Which vessels change diameter in response to neural input?

a. arterioles

b. capillaries

c. veins

d. Both A and B

e. Both A and C

Question 6 Which is correct for systemic arteries but NOT systemic veins?

a. store pressure generated by the heart

b. have low blood pressure

c. act as a volume reservoir

d. carry low-oxygen blood

e. More than one of the above.

Question 7 Which results in increased blood flow to skeletal muscle during exercise?

a. Filtration in the kidney

b. active hyperemia

c. Knee-jerk reflex

d. orthostatic hypotension

e. vasovagal syncope

Question 8 During hyperventilation, what happens to the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli (compared to normal ventilation)?

a. both increase

b. both decrease

c. oxygen partial pressure decreases and carbon dioxide partial pressure increases

d. oxygen partial pressure increases and carbon dioxide partial pressure decreases

Question 9 In a condition known as pleurisy, there is excess fluid in the pleural space. How would you expect this to affect the process of pulmonary ventilation?

A) Ventilation would require less energy.

B) Breathing would be labored and difficult.

C) It would be easier to expand the lungs on inspiration.

D) More air would be forced out during expiration.

E) Tidal volume would increase.

Question 10 If a student inhales as deeply as possible and then blows the air out until he cannot exhale any more, the amount of air that he expelled is his

A) tidal volume.

B) inspiratory reserve volume.

C) expiratory reserve volume.

D) minimal volume.

E) vital capacity.

Answer 1

1. A fibrillation is inadequate & irregular heart beat which produces improper contractions of the cardiac muscles.

Cardiac cycle is group of event that happens during each heart beat. So on every beat the heart is pumps blood into circulatory system. In case of a fibrillation the beat will become irregular & there will be a problem in the contractions.

It may happens either in ventricles or atrial fibrillation. Both will be a problematic one but a ventricular fibrilation is serious ad it pumps the blood into the aorta.

As the ventricles has to be work more to pump the blood into aorta it needs adequate time & contraction to produce such effect. But the fibrillation is produces like short contraction with lesser time & its npt enough to give the desired cardiac Output.

CONCLUSION:

There will be no incresed or the same amount of output is also not possible as the ventricles were not sble to perfom fully. There will be some a REDUCED/ DIMINISHED OUTPUT will be seen.