Question

Project 1 – Classes and Top-down Design Overview Software development projects using the object-oriented approach involve breaking the problem down into multiple classes that can be tied together into a single solution. In this project, you are given the task of writing some classes that would work together for providing a solution to a problem involving some basic computations. Learning Objectives The focus of this assignment is on the following learning objectives:

• Be able to identify the contents of class declaration header and class definition files and to segregate class functionality based on class description

• Be able to write object creation and initialization code in the form of constructors • Be able to implement an encapsulated approach while dealing with data members for the classes involved through accessors and mutators

• Be able to make the program code spread across multiple files work together for the solution to the computing problem Prerequisites To complete this project, you need to make sure that you have the following:

• C++ and the g++ compiler • A C++ IDE or text editor (multiple editors exist for developers) • An understanding of the material presented in class.

• An understanding of the material covered in zyBooks.

Problem Description You are to implement the necessary classes and program for creating a test program for reporting important parameters of some two-dimensional geometric shapes. For this project, you will need to utilize the concepts of classes and top-down design that has been discussed in class. The list of requirements and constraints for the system are as follows: 1. At the heart of the solution will be a test program shapetest.cpp (using all the classes specified below) that will test the full functionality of the classes required as part of this project. The shapes that the program would be considering will be a circle, a triangle and a rectangle. The program will call all functionality for each shape and print out the resultant object state to allow for visual inspection that the class is implemented correctly. For example, a Circle should be created with the default constructor, then its area, diameter, and circumference printed to the screen for verification that it has the correct state and those respective methods work correctly. Then, output of the state should be repeated after calling each mutator to ensure that the object’s new state reflects the change (note, there’s only one mutator for the circle).

2. A circle is a closed shape in which every point of the enclosure is equidistant from a central point. This common distance between the center and the periphery is known as its radius. Important mathematical parameters associated with a circle can be calculated using the radius of the circle, as follows. Circumference of the circle is the linear distance along the circle boundary and is given by: ? × ? × ?????? Diameter of the circle is the length of a line passing through the center that has its end points on the boundary of the circle and is given by: ? × ?????? Area of the interior of the circle can be calculated using the formula: ? × ?????? × ?????? Create a Circle class with the class implementation in a file named circle.cpp and the class declaration in a file named circle.h (or circle.hpp) with  private data member for double parameter: ‘radius’  a default constructor which has no parameters  an overloaded constructor which takes in a single double parameter for ‘radius’  accessor and mutator for ‘radius’ named getRadius(…) and setRadius(…)  member functions to return doubles for calculated parameters: area( ), diameter( ) and circumference( )  PI should be assumed to be exactly 3.141592. You may define this as a static const double at the class scope, as a const double inside any method that uses it, or as a literal in the expression in which it’s used.

3. A triangle is a closed shape bound within three lines. For an acute angled triangle, the base and the height of the triangle are the important parameters, as seen in the following figure. Area inside the triangle can be calculated using the formula: ? ? × ???? × ??????. Create a Triangle class with the class implementation in a file named triangle.cpp and the class declaration in a file named triangle.h (or triangle.hpp) with  private data members for double parameters: ‘base’, ‘height’  a default constructor which has no parameters  an overloaded constructor which takes in a double parameter for ‘base’ followed by a double parameter for ‘height’  accessors and mutators for ‘base’ named getBase(…) and setBase(…), and ‘height’ named getHeight(…) and setHeight(…)  member function to return a double for calculated parameter: area( )

4. A rectangle is a closed shape bounded by parallel sides that meet at right angles, with the other condition that opposite sides are parallel and equal, but all sides are not equal. Typically. the longer side in a rectangle is known as its length and the shorter side is known as width. Important mathematical parameters associated with a circle can be calculated using the length and width values of the rectangle, as follows. Perimeter of the rectangle is the linear distance along the rectangle boundary and is given by: ? × (?????? × ?????) Diagonal of the rectangle is the length of a line joining opposite corners and is given (via the Pythagorean Theorem) by: √??????? × ?????? Area of the rectangle can be calculated using the formula: ?????? × ????? Create a Rectangle class with the class implementation in a file named rectangle.cpp and the class declaration in a file named rectangle.h (or rectangle.hpp) with  private data members for double parameters: ‘length’, ‘width’  a default constructor which has no parameters  an overloaded constructor which takes in a double parameter for ‘length’ followed by a double parameter for ‘width’  accessors and mutators for ‘length’ named getLength(…) and setLength(…), and ‘width’ named getWidth(…) and setWidth(…)  member functions to return a double for calculated parameters: area( ), diagonal( ) and perimeter( )  member function to return a bool for the state of the rectangle being square (its length is equal to its width) named isSquare(…)

5. Default constructors for all shapes should initialize the private data members to a value of unity (i.e. 1.0). Development Diary For this project, you must complete the following tasks in the order that they are described:

 [12 pts] Full-coverage test driver. Driver should call all functionality and print out the state of the object after each change to the internal state. This test driver should print the expected value and the actual result.

 [16 pts] Circle class fully implemented to the specifications provided in the problem description.

 [18 pts] Triangle class fully implemented to the specifications provided in the problem description.

 [24 pts] Rectangle class fully implemented to the specifications provided in the problem description.

 [14 pts] Sufficient and clear class divisions (with main() responsible for I/O only)

 [8 pts] Clear, easy-to-read code (e.g. class declarations in .h files, class definitions in .cpp files, working makefile, etc.) 

[8 pts] Development “diary” (report) that details design and implementation of each class, as well as the project as a whole. Should include a reflection of the process as a whole upon completion of the project (identify the challenges, lessons learned, ways to improve in the future, etc.)

Answer 1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <cmath>
class Circle{ //hpp
private:
//private
double radius;
const int PIE= 3.141592;
public:
//constructor
Circle();
Circle(double rad);
//mutators
void setRadius(double rad);
//accessors
double getRadius();
//other functions
double getDiameter();
double getArea();
double getCircumference();
};
Circle::Circle(){ //cpp file
radius=0.0;
}
Circle::Circle(double rad){
radius=rad;
}
void Circle::setRadius(double rad){
radius=rad;
}
double Circle::getRadius(){
return radius;
}
double Circle::getDiameter(){
return radius*2;
}
double Circle::getArea(){
return (PIE*(radius*radius));
}
double Circle::getCircumference(){
double circum= 2*(PIE*radius);
return circum;
}
class Rectangle{
private:
double length;
double width;
public:
Rectangle();
Rectangle(double l, double w);
void setLength(double l);
void setWidth(double w);
double getLength();
double getWidth();
double getArea();
double getDiagnol();
double getParameter();
bool isSquare();
};
Rectangle::Rectangle(){
length=0;
width=0;
}
Rectangle::Rectangle(double l, double w){
length=l;
width=w;
}
void Rectangle::setLength(double l){
length=l;
}
void Rectangle::setWidth(double w){
width=w;
}
double Rectangle::getLength(){
return length;
}
double Rectangle::getWidth(){
return width;
}
double Rectangle::getArea(){
return length*width;
}
double Rectangle::getDiagnol(){
double c=sqrt(length*length+width*width);
return c;
}

double Rectangle::getParameter(){
return 2*(length*width);
}
bool Rectangle::isSquare(){
if(length==width){
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
class Triangle{
private:
double base;
double height;
public:
Triangle();
Triangle(double b, double h);
void setBase(double b);
void setHeight(double h);
double getBase();
double getHeight();
double getParameter();
double getArea();

};

Triangle::Triangle(){
base=0.0;
height=0.0;
}
Triangle::Triangle(double b, double h){
base=b;
height=h;
}
void Triangle::setBase(double b){
base =b;
}
void Triangle::setHeight(double h){
height=h;
}
double Triangle::getBase(){
return base;
}
double Triangle::getHeight(){
return height;
}
double Triangle::getParameter(){
double p;
p= (base+height)/2;
return p;
}
double Triangle::getArea(){
return (0.5)*(base*height);
}
int main()
{
Circle c(2.00);
cout<<"Circle"<<endl;
cout<<"Area: "<<c.getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"Circumference: "<<c.getCircumference()<<endl;
cout<<"Diameter: "<<c.getDiameter()<<endl;
cout<<endl;
Rectangle r(2.00,3.00);
cout<<"Rectangle"<<endl;
cout<<"Area: "<<r.getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"Parameter: "<<r.getParameter()<<endl;
cout<<"Diagonal: "<<r.getDiagnol()<<endl;
cout<<"Is Square: "<<r.isSquare()<<endl;
cout<<endl;
Triangle t(2.00,3.00);
cout<<"Triangle"<<endl;
cout<<"Area: "<<t.getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"Parameter: "<<t.getParameter()<<endl;

return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

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