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Consider TCP connection management. How many segments are typically involved in the TCP connection establishment? What...

  1. Consider TCP connection management.
    1. How many segments are typically involved in the TCP connection establishment? What TCP flag(s) is/are set in each of these segments?
    2. How many segments are typically involved in the TCP connection teardown process? What TCP flag(s) is/are set in each of these segments?
    3. Please give the general relationship between the acknowledgement number in a segment that is answering a segment and the sequence number in the segment that is being answered. comment:(please write the answer by the keyboard not your handwriting
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Answer #1

A.) In TCP connection establishment 3 segments are involved. This process is called 3- WAY Handshake.

1st Segment: This segment is sent by the client to the server. In this segment, SYN = 1, ACK = 0 and a sequence number is set to a random value for example A.

2nd Segment: This segment is sent by the server to the client. In this segment, SYN = 1, ACK = 1, a random sequence number for example B and an acknowledgement number = A+1 (The next sequence number server is expecting from client).

3rd Segment: This segment is sent by the client to the server. In this segment, SYN = 0, ACK = 1, sequence number = A+1 and an Acknowledgement number = B+1 (The next sequence number client is expecting from server).

This Handshaking technique is referred to as SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK.

B.) In TCP teardown process 4 segments are involved.

1st Segment: This segment is sent by the client to the receiver. In this segment, FIN = 1, ACK = 0.

2nd Segment: This segment is sent by the server to the client. In this segment, FIN = 0, ACK = 1.

3rd Segment: This segment is sent by the server to the client. In this segment, FIN = 1, ACK = 0.

4th Segment: This segment is sent by the client to the server. In this segment, FIN = 0, ACK = 1.

C.) The general relationship between the acknowledgement number in a segment that is answering a segment and the sequence number in the segment that is being answered is: Ack No = Seq No + 1, as explained above in TCP connection establishment process.

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