Question

Blood alcohol content (BAC) is a measure of how much alcohol is in someone’s blood. It is usually measured as a percentage, so a BAC of 0.3% is three-tenths of one percent. That is, there are 3 grams of alcohol for every 1,000 grams of blood. A BAC of 0.05% impairs reasoning and the ability to concentrate. A BAC of 0.30% can lead to a blackout, shortness of breath, and loss of bladder control. In most states, the legal limit for driving is a BAC of 0.08%. BAC is usually measured by a breathalyzer, urinalysis, or blood test. However, Swedish physician E. M. P. Widmark developed the following equation for estimating an individual’s BAC. This formula is widely used by forensic scientists. B = -0.015*t+ ├ ( (2.84*N)/(W*g)┤ ) The variables in the formula are defined as: B = percentage of BAC N = number of “standard drinks” (N should be at least 1) (NOTE: A standard drink is one 12-ounce beer, one 5-ounce glass of wine, or one 1.5-ounce shot of distilled liquor.) W = weight in pounds g = gender constant, 0.68 for men and 0.55 for women t = number of hours since the first drink Write a C++ computer program that prompts your user for the elements needed to estimate Blood Alcohol Content using the Widmark formula above. The program should allow your user to continue to make Blood Alcohol Content estimates until they enter a sentinel value. Be sure to inform your user what that sentinel value is. Validate all the user input values. Use the following table to determine which of the possible effects corresponds to the BAC value that was calculated. BAC Estimate Possible Effects Less Than 0.03% Normal behavior, no impairment 0.03% or greater, but less than 0.06% Mild euphoria and impairment 0.06% or greater, but less than 0.10% Euphoric, increased impairment 0.10% or greater, but less than 0.20% Drunk, loss of motor control 0.20% or greater, but less than 0.30% Confused, possible blackout 0.30% or greater, but less than 0.40% Possibly unconscious 0.40% or greater Unconscious, risk of death Your program should display the BAC value and the possible effects that correspond to that value. The legal limit for driving is a BAC of 0.08%. If the BAC value is 0.08% or greater, your program should also display a phrase like “Over the legal limit for driving.” To receive full credit for this programming assignment, you must: Use the correct file name, “XYProjectOne”, where “X” and “Y” are your first and last initials. Submit a program that executes correctly. Interact effectively with the user in your prompts and error messages. Grading Guideline: Create a comment containing the student’s full name. (5 points) Document the program with other meaningful comments. (5 points) Prompt the user for the number of standard drinks. (5 points) Prompt the user for their weight in pounds. (5 points) Prompt the user for their gender. (10 points) Use the correct gender constant. (5 points) Prompt the user for the number of hours since the first drink. (5 points) Define and use a sentinel value correctly. (5 points) Correctly echo back all the input parameters. (10 points) Validate all the user input values. (5 points) Calculate the BAC value correctly. (10 points) Display the BAC value. (5 points) Determine and display the appropriate possible effects. (10 points) Allow user to repeatedly make BAC estimates. (5 points) Correctly add “Over the limit” when BAC is 0.08% or greater. (5 points) Use prompts and error messages that were easy to understand. (5 points)

Answer 1

Screenshot

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Program

//Header files for I/O and formatting
#include <iostream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
//Function prototype
void calculateBAC(int, double, int,char);
int main()
{
   //Variables for input read
   int numConsumed,t;
   double weight;
   char gender;
   //Welcome message
   cout << "***** Welcome To Blood Alcohol Content Checker *****" << endl;
   //Inputfor number of drinks consumed and error check
   cout << "Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1): ";
   cin >> numConsumed;
   while (numConsumed < 0) {
       cout << "Error!!! number of standard drinks consumed is greater than equal to 1 or 0 for exiting application!!" << endl;
       cout << "Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1): ";
       cin >> numConsumed;
   }
   //Loop until sentinal
   while (numConsumed!=0) {
       //Prompt for weight and error check
       cout << "Enter the weight in pounds: ";
       cin >> weight;
       while (weight <= 30) {
           cout << "Error!!!Weight should not be less than 30!!" << endl;
           cout << "Enter the weight in pounds: ";
           cin >> weight;
       }
       //Prompt for hours first drink used and error check
       cout << "The number of hours since the first drink : ";
       cin >> t;
       while (t << 0 && t > 24) {
           cout << "Error!!!!Hours should not be negative or greater than 1 day!!!" << endl;
           cout << "The number of hours since the first drink : ";
           cin >> t;
       }
       //Prompt for gender and error check
       cout << "Are you male/female(m/f): ";
       cin >> gender;
       gender = toupper(gender);
       while (gender != 'M' && gender != 'F') {
           cout << "Error!!!Gender should be m/f" << endl;
           cout << "Are you male/female(m/f): ";
           cin >> gender;
           gender = toupper(gender);
       }
       //Function to calculate BAC
       calculateBAC(numConsumed, weight, t, gender);
       cout << endl;
       //Repetition
       cout << "Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1): ";
       cin >> numConsumed;
       while (numConsumed<0) {
           cout << "Error!!! number of standard drinks consumed is greater than equal to 1 or 0 for exiting application!!" << endl;
           cout << "Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1): ";
           cin >> numConsumed;
       }
   }
}
/*
    Function to calculate BAC
   Generate appropriate message
*/
void calculateBAC(int N, double W, int t, char g) {
   cout << setprecision(3);
   double B;
   if (g == 'M') {
       B = -0.015*t + abs(((2.84*N) / (W*.68)));
   }
   else{
       B = -0.015*t + abs(((2.84*N) / (W*.55)));
   }
   cout << "Your BAC level = " << B << endl;
   cout << "Possible effects at this level : - ";
   if (B < 0.03) {
       cout << "Normal behavior, no impairment" << endl;
   }
   else if (B >= 0.03 && B<0.06) {
       cout << "Mild euphoria and impairment" << endl;
   }
   else if (B >= 0.06 && B < 0.10) {
       cout << "Euphoric, increased impairment" << endl;
   }
   else if (B >= 0.10 && B < 0.20) {
       cout << "Drunk, loss of motor control" << endl;
   }
   else if (B >= 0.20 && B < 0.30) {
       cout << "Confused, possible blackout" << endl;
   }
   else if (B >= 0.30 && B < 0.40) {
       cout << "Possibly unconscious" << endl;
   }
   else{
       cout << "Unconscious, risk of death" << endl;
   }
   if (B >= 0.08) {
       cout << "This BAC level Over the legal limit for driving." << endl;
   }
}

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Output

***** Welcome To Blood Alcohol Content Checker *****
Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1): 1
Enter the weight in pounds: 55
The number of hours since the first drink : 1
Are you male/female(m/f): m
Your BAC level = 0.0609
Possible effects at this level : - Euphoric, increased impairment

Please enter the number of standard drinks consumed (0 for exiting the application otherwise>=1):0