Question

Please define the following key terms and post your answers on the discussion board. 1. Contention-based 2. Collision fragment 3. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) 4. MAC address table 5. Asymmetric switching 6. ARP table 7. ARP cache 8. Default gateway 9. Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 10. Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)

Answer 1

1. Contention-based:

A contention-based protocol is a communications protocol for operating wireless telecommunication equipment that allows many users to use the same radio channel without pre-coordination.

2. Collision fragment:

FragmentFree switching filters out collision fragments, the majority of packet errors, before forwarding begins. In a properly functioning network, collision fragments must be less than 64 bytes. Anything greater than 64 bytes is a valid packet and is usually received without error.

3.Address Resolution Protocol (ARP):

it is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IPaddress) to a physical machine address that is recognized in the local network. For example, in IP Version 4, the most common level of IP in use today, an address is 32 bits long.

4.A MAC address table,

sometimes called a Content Addressable Memory (CAM) table, is used on Ethernet switches to determine where to forward traffic on a LAN.

5. Asymmetric switching

LAN switching may be classified as symmetric or asymmetric based on the way in which bandwidth is allocated to the switch ports. Symmetric switching provides switched connections between ports with the same bandwidth, such as all 100 Mb/s ports or all 1000 Mb/s ports.

6.ARP table

A table, usually called the ARP cache, is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC address and its corresponding IP address.

7. ARP cache

The ARP cache (Address Resolution Protocol) is a collection of ARPentries (mostly dynamic) that are created when an IP address is resolved to a MAC address (so the computer can effectively communicate with the IP address). ARP cache has the disadvantage of being used by hackers and cyber attackers.

8. Default gateway

A default gateway serves as an access point or IP router that a networked computer uses to send information to a computer in another network or the internet. Default simply means that this gateways used by default, unless an application specifies another gateway.

9. Cyclic redundancy check

A cyclic redundancy check is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to raw data. Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents.

10. Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)

An organizationally unique identifier is a 24-bit number that uniquely identifies a vendor, manufacturer, or other organization. OUIs are purchased from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Registration Authority by the assignee.