Question

Erwin Schrödinger’s proposal   regarding the characteristics of electrons behavior, (What he meant by   wave like behavior and particles like behaviors).

Electromagnetic radiation (explain its propriety in terms of wave length (λ) and frequency (v).

Explain   how ground state   and excited state   of electrons differ ( provide examples that support your explanation)

Answer 1

Erwin Schrödinger proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which treats electrons as matter waves. A major problem with Bohr's model was that it treated electrons as particles that existed in precisely-defined orbits. Based on de Broglie's idea that particles could exhibit wavelike behavior, Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger theorized that the behavior of electrons within atoms could be explained by treating them mathematically as matter waves. The fact that there are only certain allowable states or energies that an electron in an atom can have is similar to a standing wave.  Schrödinger formulated a model of the atom that assumed the electrons could be treated at matter waves.

If we assume an electron circulating in a energy state then it can be considered as a matter wave which is having a discrete energy. If it absorbes electromagnetic radiation and jumps at upper level then it could be considered as particle according to photoelectric effect.

(b) Electromagnetic radiation is wave form of energy where this wave travels with light speed in space. This wave has electric and magnetic components perpendicular to each other. length of one complete sin wave is the wave length of the radiation. wavelengths passes through a point per second is called its frequency. Both the properties are (frequency and wavelength ) inversely proportional to each other. Radiation having high frequency contains high energy and radiation having high wavelength contains low energy.

Ground state of an electron has low energy or high wavelength but excited state has high energy or low wavelength. For excitation from ground state to excited state a particular frequency containing radiation is required.