Question

BLOCK DIAGRAMS Below are sample block diagrams. Block 1 shows horizontal (flat lying) rock layers; block 2 shows dipping rock layers, Block 3 is an anticline and block 4 is a syncline. Remember from the Lecture Notes that the top of a block diagram is the map view and the sides are the cross section views. A GUIDE TO BLOCK DIAGRAMS Shows What's Happening n MAP VIEW ton Top t0 Shown Whats Happening n NORTH-SOUTH direction Shows What's Haccening EAST-WEST arection Remember, the dip symbol will indicate the direction beds are dipping, as shown below in the block diagram of a syncline (left side) and anticline (right side). Fold axis Anticline Questions 4-6 require that you print the questions, complete the block diagrams, ther either scan in your completed questions and attach to your lab or take a photo (with your phone, etc,) and send me the pictures with your lab exercise. 4. Draw the map view and the missing cross section view in the block diagram below. Note the strike and dip symbol indicating the direction the beds (rock layers) are dipping (see block diagram 2 above for help) 5. Complete the missing cross section views in the diagram below. Pay close attention to the strike and dip symbols! Name the structure. 30 30 6. Complete the map view and the missing cross section view. Name the structure. 7. Name the structures shown in the block diagrams A and B below. What type of stress causes the structures shown in 7A and B to form? 8. Name the structures shown in the block diagrams A and B below. What type of stress causes the structures shown in 8A and B to form? 9. Name the structure seen below. What type of stress causes this structure to form? 10. Name the two types of structures shown below. What type of stress causes these structures to form? What type of stress causes the structures shown in 10A and B to form? 11. What type of stress and resultant faulting are responsible for the Basin and Range Province in western North America? 12. Below is a typical cross section across Basin and Range faults and mountain ranges. Label the horsts (uplifted mountains) and grabens (down dropped valleys) 13. Where in the El Paso area can we observe a recumbent fold? What type of stress causes folds? At what level in the crust do fold form? (think about at what level plastic deformation occurs!) Which event has to be OLDER (that is, which occurred first) the folding or the faulting that uplifted the mountains and exposed the recumbent fold trata armation

Answer 1

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Synformal Structure 7. Name the structures shown in the block diagrams A and B below. B Thrust A Reverse fault What type of stress causes the structures shown in 7A and B to form? compressional stress 8. Name the structures shown in the block diagrams A and B below B Sinistral Strike slip A Dextral Strike slip What type of stress causes the structures shown in 8A and B to form? 9. Name the structure seen below. What type of stress causes this structure to form? Fault Fault Shear Stress Normal fault This is caused by tensional stresses

10. Name the two types of structures shown below. What type of stress causes these structures to form? Compressional stress form these structures Horizontal inclined Synform A Recumbent fold B What type of stress causes the structures shown in 10A and B to form? 11. What type of stress and resultant faulting are responsible for the Basin and Range Province in western North America? Tensional stresses are acting here Normal faulting is seen here 12. Below is a typical cross section across Basin and Range faults and mountain ranges. Label the horsts (uplifted mountains) and grabens (down dropped valleys) Horst Horst Horst Graben Graben 13. Where in the El Paso area can we observe a recumbent fold? Sierra de Juarez What type of stress causes folds? Compressional stress At what level in the crust do fold form? (think about at what level plastic deformation occurs!) At lower crust at a depth of 8 km and deeper. Which event has to be OLDER (that is, which occurred first) the folding or the faulting that uplifted the mountains and exposed the recumbent fold Firstly folding occured and then the faulting