Question

Water flows through a pipe reducer as shown in the figure. If the manometer reading h - 2 m. Find the flow rate in Liters per second. Assume DI-15 cm, D2-10 cm. SG:-0.80 a. What is the effect of the angle θ b. Is this a practical arrangement, if yes why, if not how would you improve it? c. Ca n mercury be used as a manometer fluid in this arrangement? Why, or why not? SG D2 Water Di

Answer 1

(1) the difference in elevation (z1-z2) doesn't needed because terms in energy balance equation cancels the difference in manometer term.

Beanoull て 7 え+ Hanometer

But pressure difference (p1-p2) depends on angle theta $\Theta$ because of the elevation difference (z1-z2).

We can see in equation of h, h is independent of theta $\Theta$.

(2) yes this is practical arrangement, and used where specific gravity of flowing fluids is very little e.g. gases. This inclined arrangement used when small pressure is need to be measured.

(3) yes mercury can be used due to its high density and so the manometer size is reduced.

Also mercury has non evaporating quality, sharp meniscus and stable density.

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