Given that the average ΔG⁰f for Cd2+(aq) and F−(aq) are −77.6 kJ/mol and −278.8 kJ/mol, respecti...
Given that the average ΔG⁰f for Cd2+(aq) and F−(aq) are −77.6 kJ/mol and −278.8 kJ/mol, respectively, predict the solubility product, Ksp, for CdF2(s). ΔG⁰f for the non-crystalline form of CdF2(s) is −647.7 kJ/mol. (Assume thermodynamic standard states at 25°C. Enter an unrounded value.)
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Given that the average ΔG⁰f for Cd2+(aq) and F−(aq) are −77.6 kJ/mol and −278.8 kJ/mol, respecti...
Consider the Gibbs energies at 25 ∘C. SubstanceSubstance ΔG∘f (kJ⋅mol−1)ΔGf∘ (kJ·mol−1) Ag+(aq)Ag+(aq) 77.177.1 Cl−(aq)Cl−(aq) −131.2−131.2 AgCl(s)AgCl(s)...
Consider the Gibbs energies at 25 ∘C. SubstanceSubstance ΔG∘f (kJ⋅mol−1)ΔGf∘ (kJ·mol−1) Ag+(aq)Ag+(aq) 77.177.1 Cl−(aq)Cl−(aq) −131.2−131.2 AgCl(s)AgCl(s) −109.8−109.8 Br−(aq)Br−(aq) −104.0−104.0 AgBr(s)AgBr(s) −96.9−96.9 (a) Calculate ΔG∘rxn for the dissolution of AgCl(s)AgCl(s). kJ⋅mol−1 (b) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgCl. K= (c) Calculate ΔG∘rxnΔGrxn∘ for the dissolution of AgBr(s)AgBr(s). kJ⋅mol−1kJ⋅mol−1 (d) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgBr. K=K=
*** ** -305.01 -183.9 151.1 NH4NO3 (aq) -339.9 -190.6 259.8 AHºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (/mol...
*** ** -305.01 -183.9 151.1 NH4NO3 (aq) -339.9 -190.6 259.8 AHºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (/mol K) 0 205.1 Oxygen 02 (g) O(g) 03 (g) 249.2 231.7 161.1 142.7 163.2 238.9 Phosphorus AH° (kJ/mol) AG°f(kJ/mol) sº (/mol K) Nitrogen AH°(kJ/mol) AG°f(kJ/mol) s° /mol K) N2 (8) 0 191.6 N (g) 472.7 455.6 153.3 NH3 (g) -46.1 -16.5 192.5 NH3 (aq) -80.0 -27.0 111.0 132.0 -79.0 113.0 90.3 86.6 210.8 51.7 66.1 261.8 NH4+ (aq) NO (g) NOCI (9) NO2 (g)...
Consider the Gibbs energies at 25 'C AGi (kJ mol) Substance Ag (aq) 77.1 CI (aq)...
Consider the Gibbs energies at 25 'C AGi (kJ mol) Substance Ag (aq) 77.1 CI (aq) -131.2 AgCls) -109.8 Br (aq) -104.0 -96.9 AgBr(s) (a) Calculate AGn for the dissolution of AgC1(s) kJ mol (b) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgCl. K = (c) Calculate AGxn for the dissolution of AgBr(s). kJ mol (d) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgBr. K =
3. You are given the following standard enthalpies of formation at 25°C. HF (aq) -320.1 kJ/mol...
3. You are given the following standard enthalpies of formation at 25°C. HF (aq) -320.1 kJ/mol OH(aq) -230.0 kJ/mol F (aq) -332.6 kJ/mol H:0 (1) -285.8 kJ/mol a. Calculate the standard enthalpy of neutralization of HF (aq) HF (aq) + OH(aq) F (aq) + H20 (1) b. Using the value of -56.2 kJ/mol as the standard enthalpy change for the reaction H' (aq) + OH(aq) - H20 (1) calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction HF (aq) - H(aq)...
Using the thermodynamic data provided below, calculate Ksp for Mg(OH)2(5) at 25 AH。f (kJ/mol) So (J/K.mol)...
Using the thermodynamic data provided below, calculate Ksp for Mg(OH)2(5) at 25 AH。f (kJ/mol) So (J/K.mol) Mg(aq) 117.99 -10.5 63.1 2+ -461.96 -229.94 -924.66 OH-(aq) Mg(OH2(5)
The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH∘f) is the enthalpy change that occurs when exactly 1 mol of a compound is formed...
The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH∘f) is the enthalpy change that occurs when exactly 1 mol of a compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions. The standard conditions are 1 atm pressure, a temperature of 25 ∘C , and all the species present at a concentration of 1 M . A "standard enthalpies of formation table" containing ΔH∘f values might look something like this: Substance ΔH∘f H(g) 218 kJ/mol H2(g) 0 kJ/mol Ba(s) 0 kJ/mol Ba2+(aq) −538.4...
The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to...
The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP. Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 19.7 mM, 1.97×10-3 mM, and 5.80 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need...
Nitrogen Ahºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (J/mol K) 191.6 N2(9) 0 0 N(g) 472.7 455.6 153.3 NH3(g) -46.1 -16.5 192.5 NH3(a...
Nitrogen Ahºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (J/mol K) 191.6 N2(9) 0 0 N(g) 472.7 455.6 153.3 NH3(g) -46.1 -16.5 192.5 NH3(aq) -80.0 -27.0 111.0 NH4+ (aq) -132.0 -79.0 113.0 90.3 86.6 210.8 NO(9) NOCI(g) 51.7 66.1 261.8 NO2(g) 33.2 51.3 240.1 N20(9) 82.1 104.2 219.9 N204(9) 9.2 97.9 304.3 N204(0) -20.0 97.0 209.0 N205(s) -42.0 134.0 178.0 N2H4(0) 50.6 149.3 121.2 N2H3CH3 () 54.0 180.0 166.0 HNO3(aq) -207.4 -111.3 146.4 HNO3(1) -174.1 -80.7 155.6 HNO3(9) -135.1 -74.7 266.4 NH4ClO4(s) -295.0...
Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15K (25°C) Substance AHºt (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) SI/K-mol) Caldum Ca(s)...
Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15K (25°C) Substance AHºt (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) SI/K-mol) Caldum Ca(s) CaCl2 (s) Ca2+ (aq) 0 - 795.8 41.4 104.6 - 748.1 226.7 209.2 200.8 Chlorine Cl2 (8) Cl- (aq) 0 - 167.2 0 -131.2 222.96 56.5 Oxygen 02 (8) H20 (1) 0 0 -237.13 205.0 69.91 -285.83 Phosphorus P2 (8) PC13 (8) POCl3 (8) 144.3 -288.1 -542.2 103.7 -269.6 -502.5 218.1 311.7 325 Sulfur S (s, rhombic) 902(g) 9038) 0 -269.9 -395.2 0 -300.4...
QUESTION 5 Consider the formation of solid silver chloride from aqueous silver and chloride ions. Given...
QUESTION 5
Consider the formation of solid silver chloride from aqueous
silver and chloride ions.
Given the following table of thermodynamic data at 298 K:
The value of K for the reaction at 25 °C is ________.
a)
1.8 × 104
b)
3.7 × 1010
c)
1.9 × 10-10
d)
810
e)
5.3 × 109
QUESTION 6
Consider the reaction:
NH 3 (g) + HCl (g) → NH 4Cl (s)
Given the following table of thermodynamic data,
...
*** ** -305.01 -183.9 151.1 NH4NO3 (aq) -339.9 -190.6 259.8 AHºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (/mol K) 0 205.1 Oxygen 02 (g) O(g) 03 (g) 249.2 231.7 161.1 142.7 163.2 238.9 Phosphorus AH° (kJ/mol) AG°f(kJ/mol) sº (/mol K) Nitrogen AH°(kJ/mol) AG°f(kJ/mol) s° /mol K) N2 (8) 0 191.6 N (g) 472.7 455.6 153.3 NH3 (g) -46.1 -16.5 192.5 NH3 (aq) -80.0 -27.0 111.0 132.0 -79.0 113.0 90.3 86.6 210.8 51.7 66.1 261.8 NH4+ (aq) NO (g) NOCI (9) NO2 (g)...
Consider the Gibbs energies at 25 'C AGi (kJ mol) Substance Ag (aq) 77.1 CI (aq) -131.2 AgCls) -109.8 Br (aq) -104.0 -96.9 AgBr(s) (a) Calculate AGn for the dissolution of AgC1(s) kJ mol (b) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgCl. K = (c) Calculate AGxn for the dissolution of AgBr(s). kJ mol (d) Calculate the solubility-product constant of AgBr. K =
3. You are given the following standard enthalpies of formation at 25°C. HF (aq) -320.1 kJ/mol OH(aq) -230.0 kJ/mol F (aq) -332.6 kJ/mol H:0 (1) -285.8 kJ/mol a. Calculate the standard enthalpy of neutralization of HF (aq) HF (aq) + OH(aq) F (aq) + H20 (1) b. Using the value of -56.2 kJ/mol as the standard enthalpy change for the reaction H' (aq) + OH(aq) - H20 (1) calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction HF (aq) - H(aq)...
Using the thermodynamic data provided below, calculate Ksp for Mg(OH)2(5) at 25 AH。f (kJ/mol) So (J/K.mol) Mg(aq) 117.99 -10.5 63.1 2+ -461.96 -229.94 -924.66 OH-(aq) Mg(OH2(5)
Nitrogen Ahºf (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) Sº (J/mol K) 191.6 N2(9) 0 0 N(g) 472.7 455.6 153.3 NH3(g) -46.1 -16.5 192.5 NH3(aq) -80.0 -27.0 111.0 NH4+ (aq) -132.0 -79.0 113.0 90.3 86.6 210.8 NO(9) NOCI(g) 51.7 66.1 261.8 NO2(g) 33.2 51.3 240.1 N20(9) 82.1 104.2 219.9 N204(9) 9.2 97.9 304.3 N204(0) -20.0 97.0 209.0 N205(s) -42.0 134.0 178.0 N2H4(0) 50.6 149.3 121.2 N2H3CH3 () 54.0 180.0 166.0 HNO3(aq) -207.4 -111.3 146.4 HNO3(1) -174.1 -80.7 155.6 HNO3(9) -135.1 -74.7 266.4 NH4ClO4(s) -295.0...
Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15K (25°C) Substance AHºt (kJ/mol) AG°f (kJ/mol) SI/K-mol) Caldum Ca(s) CaCl2 (s) Ca2+ (aq) 0 - 795.8 41.4 104.6 - 748.1 226.7 209.2 200.8 Chlorine Cl2 (8) Cl- (aq) 0 - 167.2 0 -131.2 222.96 56.5 Oxygen 02 (8) H20 (1) 0 0 -237.13 205.0 69.91 -285.83 Phosphorus P2 (8) PC13 (8) POCl3 (8) 144.3 -288.1 -542.2 103.7 -269.6 -502.5 218.1 311.7 325 Sulfur S (s, rhombic) 902(g) 9038) 0 -269.9 -395.2 0 -300.4...
QUESTION 5
Consider the formation of solid silver chloride from aqueous
silver and chloride ions.
Given the following table of thermodynamic data at 298 K:
The value of K for the reaction at 25 °C is ________.
a)
1.8 × 104
b)
3.7 × 1010
c)
1.9 × 10-10
d)
810
e)
5.3 × 109
QUESTION 6
Consider the reaction:
NH 3 (g) + HCl (g) → NH 4Cl (s)
Given the following table of thermodynamic data,
...
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