This is the basic valuation model:
Time period | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | |
Formula | Year (n) | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Terminal |
Growth rate (%) (g) | 10.00% | 9.00% | 8.00% | 7.00% | 6.00% | 5.00% | |
(Sn-1*(1+g)) | Sales (S) | 21,010 | 22,901 | 24,733 | 26,464 | 28,052 | 29,455 |
(Sn-Sn-1) | Increase in sales | 1,910 | 1,891 | 1,832 | 1,731 | 1,588 | 1,403 |
10% of sales | EBIT | 2,101 | 2,290 | 2,473 | 2,646 | 2,805 | 2,945 |
24%*EBIT | Tax @ 24% | 504 | 550 | 594 | 635 | 673 | 707 |
(EBIT-Tax) | Net income (NI) | 1,597 | 1,740 | 1,880 | 2,011 | 2,132 | 2,239 |
10% of increase in sales | Increase in NWC | 191 | 189 | 183 | 173 | 159 | 140 |
(NI +
Increase in NWC) Since capex = dep., its effect will get neutralised in the FCF. |
FCF | 1,788 | 1,930 | 2,063 | 2,184 | 2,291 | 2,379 |
FCFYear5/(WACC-long-run growth rate) | Terminal FCF | 47,576 | |||||
Total FCF | 1,788 | 1,930 | 2,063 | 2,184 | 2,291 | 47,576 | |
1/(1+d)^n | Discount factor @ 10% | 0.909 | 0.826 | 0.751 | 0.683 | 0.621 | 0.621 |
(Total FCF*Discount factor) | PV of FCF | 1,625 | 1,595 | 1,550 | 1,492 | 1,422 | 29,541 |
Sum of all PVs | Enterprise value | 37,225.39 | |||||
Less: Debt | (32.00) | ||||||
Add: Cash | 2,300.00 | ||||||
Equity value | 39,493.39 | ||||||
Shares O/S | 486.00 | ||||||
Price/share | 81.26 |
Using this base case model and changing the variables as specified in respective questions, price per share will be evaluated.
a).
2010 | 2015 | Linear
growth rate decrease/year (g2015 - g2010)/5 |
Enterprise value | Equity value | Price/share ($) | |
Growth rate | 7% | 5.00% | 0.40% | 34,267.75 | 36,535.75 | 75.18 |
Growth rate | 11% | 5.00% | 1.20% | 38,251.45 | 40,519.45 | 83.37 |
b).
Enterprise value | Equity value | Price/share ($) | ||
EBIT margin | 9.00% | 33,745.47 | 36,013.47 | 74.10 |
EBIT margin | 11.00% | 40,705.30 | 42,973.30 | 88.42 |
c).
Enterprise value | Equity value | Price/share ($) | ||
WACC | 9.50% | 41,367.57 | 43,635.57 | 89.79 |
WACC | 12.00% | 26,573.81 | 28,841.81 | 59.35 |
d).
Initial growth rate | EBIT | WACC | Enterprise value | Equity value | Price/share ($) |
7.00% | 9.00% | 12.00% | 22,177.37 | 24,445.37 | 50.30 |
11.00% | 11.00% | 9.50% | 46,481.17 | 48,749.17 | 100.31 |
Note: The valuation for each of these variations could not be uploaded due to the answer word limit.
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