Temporal sequence.
Effect must precedes the cause and this is the universal truth so it is indisputable criteria for causal relationship.
In the inference of causality, which of Hill's criteria is indisputable: Biological gradient (dose-response) Biologic plausibility Temporal sequence Specificity of association In the inferen...
D Question 45 2 pts For which criteria of causality do you need to see a linear trend in the association between exposure and disease? O Strength O Consistency O Specificity O Biological Gradient Plausibility No answer text provided.
Which of the following guidelines is not necessary in determining whether or not an association is causal? a) Biologic plausibility b) Randomization c) Temporal relationship d) Consistency with other findings e) Dose-response effect
C. According to Bradford-Hill, there are 9 for judging whether an association is causal. They are: strength of association, consistency, temporality, biological gradient, coherence, experiment, analogy, plausibility, and specificity. Summarized below are evidence used by the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health to support the inference that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer. Indicate the criteria (or criterion) which is/are relevant for each statement. (1 point each) 1. A review of literature identified 29 case-control studies and 7 cohort...
answer the following questions Stage 1 : categorized the evidence by the Quality of its source. 1 . Trails ( planned interventions with contemporaneous assignment of treatment and nontreatment ( a) Randomized , double -blinded, placebo -controlled with sufficient power appropriately analyzed (b) Randomized but blindness not achieved. (c) Nonrandomized trails with good control of confounding , that are well conducted in other respects (d)Randomized but with deficiencies in execution or analysis ( insufficient power , major losses to follow-up...