Question

What are the major differences in accounting standards that one might want to be aware of when trying to compare the financial results of an American and a European company?

Answer 1

The major differences in accounting standards that one might want to be aware of when trying to compare the financial results of an American and a European company are as follows:

1-Classification of Liabilities

The classification of debts under GAAP is split between current liabilities, where a company expects to settle a debt within 12 months, and noncurrent liabilities, which are debts that will not be repaid within 12 months. With IFRS, there is no differentiation made between the classification of liabilities, as all debts are considered non-current on the balance sheet.

2-Fixed Assets

When it comes to fixed assets, such as property, furniture and equipment, companies using GAAP accounting must value these assets using the cost model. The cost model takes into account the historical value of an asset minus any accumulated depreciation. IFRS allows a different model for fixed assets called the revaluation model, which is based on the fair value at the current date minus any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses

3-Intangible Assets

When it comes to intangible assets, such as research and development or advertising costs, IFRS accounting really shines as a principle-based method. It takes into account whether an asset will have a future economic benefit as a way of assessing the value. Intangible assets measured under GAAP are recognized at the fair market value and nothing more.

4-Development Costs

A company’s development costs can be capitalized under IFRS, as long as certain criteria are met. This allows a business to leverage depreciation on fixed assets. With GAAP, development costs must be expensed the year they occur and are not allowed to be capitalized.

5-Inventory Methods

Under GAAP, a company is allowed to use the Last In, First Out (LIFO) method for inventory estimates. However, under IFRS, the LIFO method for inventory is not allowed. The Last In, First Out valuation for inventory does not reflect an accurate flow of inventory in most cases, and thus results in reports of unusually low income levels.

6- Rules vs. Principles

A major difference between IFRS and GAAP accounting is the methodology used to assess the accounting process. GAAP focuses on research and is rule-based, whereas IFRS looks at the overall patterns and is based on principle.

With GAAP accounting, there’s little room for exceptions or interpretation, as all transactions must abide by a specific set of rules. With a principle-based accounting method, such as the IFRS, there’s potential for different interpretations of the same tax-related situations.

Hope u find your answer. Thankyou. Have a nice day