Question

The material inside the spherical grapes polarizes under the microwave electric field. Calculate the electric dipole moment induced by the uniform electric field E₀ within the dielectric sphere. Calculate the charge of the dipole assuming the charge separation is equal to grape’s radius R. Show that the electric field between two grapes (dielectric spheres) scales as ~ (R/d)² E₀ with the distance d between them. For what distance is the electric field between the grapes enough to induce electrical breakdown of air and create the plasmas discharge?

B) What is the difference, and the reason, between the colors of discharge between grapes and between hydrogel beads? One looks orange and the other more reddish.

c)Identify and characterize the atomic states involved in the emission of plasma radiation recorded in the experiment.

d) Explain why the hydrogel beads seem to vibrate during the discharge.

E)Why does water has large dielectric susceptibility at microwave frequencies, and why is important for the effect investigated in this paper ?

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