Question

show calculations please!

In Astronomy we often deal with distances, or lengths, that range form the very small to the very large. For instance The size of a nucleus is roughly 0.000, 000,000,000,001 meters and the distance to the nearest star is roughly 700,000,000,000 meters. We will talk about these numbers using scientific notation where each zero is counted as ten raised to an exponent equal to the number of zeros. Le the size of a nucleus is 1 x 10-15 and the distance to the nearest star is 7 x 10' You can review powers of Ten and Scientific notation in appendix C in your book if your a bit rusty with it. Astronomers will often use what we call Naturol Units. These units are such that we can talk about numbers which are refer to sizes which are easy to compare. We will be working with such natural units as the size of the atom, the mass of our sun, and two more illustrated below, the distanco from earth to the sun, and the distance light travels in one year. Example 1: The light-ycar (lyr) is defined as the distance that light travels in one year though a vacuum. Lets find out how far this in meters. Light travels at 2.938 x 10* m/s in a vacuum, so we just need to find out how far it will travel in a year, (29 8x10' meters) (nie) (60min.) (24hour) (mead")-9.46x iO' year year.46 x 101s meters Thus: 1 light year-9.46 x 101meters Example 2: The Astronomical Unit (A.U.) is defined as the average distance between the carth and the sun and is 1 A. U. = 1.496 × 1011 meters. Since Mars is 2.279 × 01 m from the sun lets find it's distance in Astronomical Units. 1 A.U. Mars distance from sun (2.279 x 10m) 1.496 x 10'l meters Exercises: 1) If your rusty working with units and or scientific notation, review Appendix C in your book. 2) Our nearest star is Proxima Centauri is 42lyr away. Find how far away it is in meters and astronomical units. 3) Use table E in your book to find the dwarf planet Eris's distance from the sun in light years and in light minutes. A-11 Physical Properties of the Sun and Planets TABLE E1 109 1.41 27.5 0.38 0.91 1.00 0.38 2.36 0.92 0.91 Sun 695,000 333,000 1.99×1010 0.382 3.30 x 10 0.055 0.815 1.00 0.107 5.43 4.43 10.4 11.2 5.03 59.5 35.5 21.3 Mercury 0.949 4.87 × 1024 1.00 5.97 x 10M .533 6.42 X 10 11.19 1.90 × 1027 9.46 5.69 × 10s 3.98 8.66 x 10 3.81 1.03 × 10s 0.186 131×1022 0.183 1.67 x 10 6378 3397 71,492 60,268 25,559 Neptune 24,764 1187 5.52 3.93 Jupiter 317.9 0.70 1.32 1.64 1.86 2.52 Saturn 95.18 14.54 17.13 0.0022 23.6 1.21 0.06 1.38 0.08 0.0028 1163 EA-equatorial. Under the IAU definitions of August 2006, Pluto and Eris are offically designated "dwarf pianets Orbital Properties of the Sun and Planets TABLE E.2 Orbital Sidereal Rotation P 7.25 0.0 25.4 58.6 243.0 0.206 0.007 0.017 0.093 0.048 7.00 3.39 0.00 0.2409 0.6152 57.9 Mercury 0.723 1.00 1.524 0.9973 1.026 0.41 23.45 25.2 3.08 49.6 227.9 778.3 1.881 11.86 MacBook Air P1l FS 8888BB 23.6 1.21 1.38 0.186 1.31 x 10 0.183 1.67 x 10" 0.0022 1.86 0.06 0.08 187 1163 0.0028 2.52 EA-equatorial. Under the LAU definitions of Aupust 2006, Pluto and Eris are officially designated "dwart planets Orbital Properties of the Sun and Planets TABLE E.2 Distance from Sun o Rotation Period Axis Tilt 7.25 0.0 Sun 25.4 58.6 Mercury0.387 57.9 108.2 149.6 227.9 778.3 1427 2870 4497 0.2409 0.6152 1.0 1.881 11.86 29.5 84.01 7.00 0.206 0.007 0.017 0.093 0.048 0.056 0.046 0.010 -243.0 0.723 23.45 25.2 0.9973 1.026 Earth 1.00 0.00 1.85 1.31 2.48 0.77 1.77 17.14 44.19 1.524 5.203 0.41 0.44 0.72 0.67 -6.39 3.08 26.73 97.92 29.6 Jupiter 9.54 19.19 30.06 39.48 67.67 Neptune 164.8 112 5 248.0 557 15.8 0.442 10,120 Semimajor axis of the on awh respect so the ecliptc A negaive sign indicates sotuation is backorand selative to other planets MacBook Air PIl FY2 delete 5 0

Answer 1

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