Question

(Packing Characters into an Integer) The left-shift operator can be used to pack four character values into a four-byte unsigned int variable. Write a program that inputs four characters from the keyboard and passes them to function packCharacters. To pack four characters into an unsigned int variable, assign the first character to the unsigned intvariable, shift the unsigned int variable left by 8 bit positions and combine the unsigned variable with the second character using the bitwise inclusive OR operator. Repeat this process for the third and fourth characters. The program should output the characters in their bit format before and after they’re packed into the unsigned int to prove that the characters are in fact packed correctly in the unsigned int variable.

//Program needs to accept character input from keyboard and store in packCharacters

//Output should be the characters in their bit format before and after they are packed in to

//the unsigned int to prove they are packed correctly.

#include<stdio.h>

unsigned packCharacters(unsigned c1, char c2);

void display(unsigned val);

int main(void)

{

//Define variables

char a;

char b;

char d;

char e;

unsigned result;

unsigned result1;

unsigned result2;

//Prompt user to enter 4 characters

printf("Enter any four characters:");

//Read 4 characters

scanf("%c%c%c%c",&a, &b, &d, &e);

//display 1st char in bits

printf("Representation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", a);

display(a);

//2nd char in bits

printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", b);

display(b);

//3rd char in bits

printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", d);

display(d);

//4th char in bits

printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", e);

display(e);

unsigned ch = a;

// Call function "packCharacters()" and display resutls

result = packCharacters(ch, b);

result1 = packCharacters(result, d);

result2 = packCharacters(result1, e);

printf("\nRepresentation of '%c\''%c\''%c\' and '%c\' packed in an unsigned integer is:\n", a, b, d, e);

//call the function

display(result2);

return 0;

}

// function to pack 4 characters in an unsigned integer

unsigned packCharacters(unsigned c1, char c2)

{

unsigned pack = c1;

//shift 8 bits to the left

pack <<= 8;

//using or operator pack c2

pack |= c2;

return pack;

}

void display(unsigned val)

{

//bit counter

unsigned c;

unsigned mask = 1<<31;

printf("%7u = ", val);

//loop through bits

for (c = 1; c <= 32; c++)

{

//shift 1 bit to the left

val & mask ? putchar('1') : putchar('0');

val <<= 1;

if (c % 8 == 0)

{

//print blank space

printf("");

}

}

//print new line character

putchar('\n');

}

how do I get the bits to show in sets of 8 for example : 120 = 00000000 00000000 000000000 01111000

right now mine shows as 120=00000000000000000000000001111000

Answer 1

Note: To print 8-bits wise. Please put a space in the print statement in the display method. Check the green color highlighted statement in the below code.

Program Screenshot:

$packedCharacters.c *Program needs to accept character input from keyboard * * and store in packCharacters. *Output should be the characters in their bit format * *before and after they are packed in to the unsigned * *integer to prove they are packed correctly. //Declare header files # include<stdio.h> unsigned packCharacters (unsigned cl, char c2) void display (unsigned val); //main method int main(void) //Define variables for character type char a; char b; char d; char e //declare integers unsigned result; unsigned resultl; unsigned result2; //Prompt user to enter 4 characters printf(Enter any four characters: \n\n) //Prompt and read first character printf(Enter the %s character :, first); scanf (8c, &a); getchar );$

Sample output:

Code to be copied:

/********************************************************

* Program needs to accept character input from keyboard *

* and store in packCharacters.                        *

* Output should be the characters in their bit format *

* Before and after they are packed into the unsigned *

* integer to prove they are packed correctly.         *

********************************************************/

//Declare header files

#include

unsigned packCharacters(unsigned c1, char c2);

void display(unsigned val);

//main method

int main(void)

{

      //Define variables for character type

      char a;

      char b;

      char d;

      char e;

      //declare integers

      unsigned result;

      unsigned result1;

      unsigned result2;

      //Prompt user to enter 4 characters

      printf("Enter any four characters:\n\n");

      //Prompt and read first character

      printf("Enter the %s character :", "first");

      scanf("%c", &a);

      getchar();

      //Prompt and read second character

      printf("Enter the %s character :", "second");

      scanf("%c", &b);

      getchar();

      //Prompt and read third character

      printf("Enter the %s character :", "third");

      scanf("%c", &d);

      getchar();

      //Prompt and read fourth character

      printf("Enter the %s character :", "fourth");

      scanf("%c", &e);

      getchar();

      //Display 1st char in bits

      printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", a);

      //call the function to display the character in binary

      display(a);

      //Display the 2nd char in bits

      printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", b);

      display(b);

      //Display the 3rd char in bits

      printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", d);

      display(d);

      //Display the 4th char in bits

      printf("\nRepresentation of '%c' in bits as an unsigned integer is:\n", e);

      display(e);

      unsigned ch = a;

      // Call function "packCharacters()" and display resutls

      result = packCharacters(ch, b);

      result1 = packCharacters(result, d);

      result2 = packCharacters(result1, e);

      //print the

      printf("\nRepresentation of '%c\''%c\''%c\' and '%c\'"

            "packed in an unsigned integer is:\n", a, b, d, e);

      //call the function

      display(result2);

      getchar();

      return 0;

}

// Implement the function to pack 4 characters

//in an unsigned integer

unsigned packCharacters(unsigned c1, char c2)

{

      //declare the integer pack

      unsigned pack = c1;

      //shift 8 bits to the left

      pack

      //using or operator pack c2

      pack |= c2;

      return pack;

}

//implement function to

//display the characters

void display(unsigned val)

{

      //bit counter

      unsigned c;

      unsigned mask = 1

      printf("%7u = ", val);

      //loop through bits

      for (c = 1; c

      {

            //shift 1 bit to the left

            val & mask ? putchar('1') : putchar('0');

            val

            if (c % 8 == 0)

            {

                  //print blank space

                 printf(" ");

            }

      }

      //print new line character

      putchar('\n');

}