o Ethical egoism What are the fundamental claims of the theory? What values underlie the theory? Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? What principles are associated w/the theory?
In the year 1874 Henry Sidgwick a philosopher introduced Ethical egoism in his book The Methods of Ethics. Ethical egoism states that human beings are born with and motivated by self interest. It is considered illogical because it values the selfish individual more than other people and there are no objective grounds for this. Ethical egoism is the moral set of guidelines that everyone has to act to promote his or her own interests exclusively.
The principle of ethical egoism is based on impartiality therefore I need to ask for help from the colleague since providing the password would be in the good of the company. It has got nothing to do with personal gains but for the gain of the company. I know the colleague would be having good relations with that absent minded worker and might refuse to help because he doesn’t want to spoil his relations with him. But it would depend upon my convincing power that providing the password would do no harm to their relation since this sacrifice would be for the greatest of the company. Most of us behave like this, seeking a balance between egoism and altruism.
o Ethical egoism What are the fundamental claims of the theory? What values underlie the theory? Who are the primary the...
Cultural ethical relativism. What are the fundamental claims of the theory? What values underlie the theory? Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? What principles are associated w/the theory?
o Utilitarianism What are the fundamental claims of the theory? What values underlie the theory? Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? What principles are associated w/the theory?
o Virtue Theory • What are the fundamental claims of the theory? • What values underlie the theory? • Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? • What principles are associated w/the theory?
o Kantian ethics What are the fundamental claims of the theory? What values underlie the theory? Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? What principles are associated w/the theory?
o Natural Law Theory • What are the fundamental claims of the theory? • What values underlie the theory? • Who are the primary theorists associated w/the theory? • What principles are associated w/the theory?
Use the Ethical Reasoning Methods of egoism, enlightened egoism, act utilitarianism, rule utilitarianism, rights theory, justice, and virtue ethics discussed in Exhibit 1.3 in discussing each of the following questions regarding ethics expected of a CPA in the situations described. CPAs conducting financial statement audits in the U.S. in the 1995 to 2005 period used Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) that were based more on meeting minimal rules than on accounting principles. Which of the ethical reasoning bases would you...
What do the fundamental principles refer to, in the ethical conflict resolution framework? Understanding how the accounting ethical principles refer to the occurrence What we know of the matters concerning the problem at hand The accounting principles and assumptions relating to the technical matter in question Other actions that can be mobilised so that problem does not happen again
What do relevant facts refer to, in the ethical conflict resolution framework? Fundamental ethical principles relating to the matter in question Understanding what went wrong and how we mitigate the likelihood of its occurrence What we know of the matters concerning the problem at hand Other actions that can be mobilised so that problem does not happen again
3. What sort of fundamental ethical concerns are at the core of the principle of Autonomy in health care? (In other words, what values do we hold that this principle reflects?)
Compare and contrast the general macro-economic theory of capitalism and communism. Who were the main theorists of each system? Why were they developed? What were the theoretical principles, characteristics and goals of each system? Where and when did the macro-economic systems exist? Were the theoretical characteristics and goals of the systems actually achieved when the systems were practiced? Did Communism produce a 'paradise on earth'? Did capitalism's 'self interest and invisible hand' always produce 'communal wealth'?