Question

2. The composition of the earth's atmosphere may have changed over time. To try! to discover the nature of the atmosphere long ago, we can examine the gas in bubbles inside ancient amber. Amber is tree resin that has hardened and been trapped in rocks. The gas in bubbles within amber should be a sample of the atmosphere at the time the amber was formed. Measurements on specimens of amber from the late Cretaceous era (75 to 95 million years ago) give these percents of nitrogen: 63.4 65 64.4 63.3 54.8 64.5 60.8 49.1 51 Assume (this is not yet agreed on by experts) that these observations are an SRS from the late Cretaceous atmosphere. Test the hypothesis that the mean percent of nitrogen in ancient air is different than 57 percent at the 1% significance level. (A) Set up the null- and alternative hypothesis. (B) Determine the test statistic and its value. (C) Determine the critical value. (D) Determine the P-value.

Answer 1

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n-1 soln (a) Here we want to test Ho : 1-57 VIS Mio 1 & 57 | 3 3 - 5 sº 3 s- Ecxi-x)² = 6.2553 (6) The test siteetistic is t = x - es Slun - 59.5889-57 6.2553 / 9 t = 1.2416 (C) tal120 - 3.3554 (d) prualue =P[ t > 1.2916] = 0.2996 P-value - 0.24 96