Substitution of bromine by t-butyl amine is the second step of the reaction today.
2. Substitution of bromine by t-butyl amine is the second step of the reaction today. Secondary alkyl halides can undergo substitution by Sn1 or Sn2 mechanisms. Explain (in terms of electronic interactions) why an Sn2 mechanism is more favored in this case when the bromide is alpha to a carbonyl.
3. Based on your answer in 2. select the most likely reaction pathway.
Explain how the substitution mechanism forms the product structure(s) shown.
Homework Answers
alpha halocarbonyls are very
pron to nucleophilic substitution.Add Answer to:
Substitution of bromine by t-butyl amine is the second step of the reaction today.
In step I the alpha bromination of ketones is acid catalyzed.
1. In step I the alpha bromination of ketones is acid catalyzed. a. What acid is formed as Step 1 progresses? b. Why are alpha bromination reactions acid catalyzed? 2. Substitution of bromine by t-butyl amine is the second step of the reaction today. Secondary alkyl halides can undergo substitution by Sn1 or Sn2 mechanisms. Explain (in terms of electronic interactions) why an Sn2 mechanism is favored when the halogen is alpha to a carbonyl. (Hint: Like charges on adjacent atoms are unfavorable)
3. Based on your answer in 2. select the most likely reaction pathway. Explain how the...
3. Based on your answer in 2. select the most likely reaction pathway. Explain how the substitution mechanism forms the product structure(s) shown. 2points А, H Br off and add NH toi O position because it Would Rick Ph Ph Ph- B H NH2 Ph Ph + NH 4. Identify the reaction components and solvents as more soluble in the aqueous (A) or organic (O) layer during separation of substitution and protonation steps. 3 pts Br HN НN CIO NH3...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether,...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether, (CH)1COCH CH, in acidic conditions. What would happen to the rate of the reaction if the concentration of ethanol was doubled? A) The rate remains the same. B) The rate decreases by a factor of 2 C) The rate increases by a factor of 2. D) The rate increases by a factor of 4. Circle the following alkyl halide that will undergo the fastest...
Which mechanism is favored by the reaction of a secondary alkyl bromide with potassium t-butoxide? a)E1...
Which mechanism is favored by the reaction of a secondary alkyl bromide with potassium t-butoxide? a)E1 b)E2 c)SN1 d)SN2
5) Iodine is a better leaving group than bromine. But iodine is a better nucleophile than bromine. Why is that? Introdu...
5) Iodine is a better leaving group than bromine. But iodine is
a better nucleophile than bromine. Why is that?
Introduction Alkyl halides can be prepared from alcohols by reactions with hydrogen halides (HCI, HBr, or HI) via nucleophilic substitution. In this type of reaction, the nucleophile displaces a leaving group from a carbon atom of an organic substrate (here the alcohol once protonated). Both electrons of the new bond to the carbon are provided by the nucleophile while the...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl alcohol from the reaction...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl
alcohol from the reaction of tert-butyl bromide (t-BuBr) with water
by an SN1 mechanism?
A. Rate= k[t-BuBr]
B Rate=k[ t-BuBr][H2O]
C. Rate=k[ H2O]
D. Rate=k[t-BuBr]^2
1.2 What is the equation for the rate of formation of
1-iodobutane from the reaction of 1-chlorobutane (BuCl) with NaI by
an SN2 mechanism?
A. Rate=k[BuCl]
B. Rate=k[BuCl][NaI]
C. Rate=k[NaI]
D. Rate=k[BuCl]^2
1.3 What is the equation for the rate of formation of...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab (SN1 and SN2 reaction mechanisms) Below are my lab results for SN1...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab (SN1 and SN2 reaction mechanisms) Below are my lab results for SN1 and SN2 reactions. This first column of the chart gives the ten starting material halides used in this experiment. The second column gives the reaction time for SN1 mechanisms with silver nitratate in ethanol solution. The third column gives the reaction time for SN2 mechanisms with sodium iodide. In theory, primary alkyl halides are expected to react faster in SN2 mechanisms, and tertiary alkyl...
Questions 2-10 please!! 1) A substitution reaction is: [2] a) A reaction during which an OH...
Questions 2-10 please!!
1) A substitution reaction is: [2] a) A reaction during which an OH group of a molecule is replaced by a halogen. b) A reaction during which water is the leaving group. c) A reaction during which a functional group of a molecule is replaced by an electrophile. d) A reaction during which a functional group of a molecule is replaced by another functional group. V 12 2) Substitution reactions are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
3. Based on your answer in 2. select the most likely reaction pathway. Explain how the substitution mechanism forms the product structure(s) shown. 2points А, H Br off and add NH toi O position because it Would Rick Ph Ph Ph- B H NH2 Ph Ph + NH 4. Identify the reaction components and solvents as more soluble in the aqueous (A) or organic (O) layer during separation of substitution and protonation steps. 3 pts Br HN НN CIO NH3...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether, (CH)1COCH CH, in acidic conditions. What would happen to the rate of the reaction if the concentration of ethanol was doubled? A) The rate remains the same. B) The rate decreases by a factor of 2 C) The rate increases by a factor of 2. D) The rate increases by a factor of 4. Circle the following alkyl halide that will undergo the fastest...
5) Iodine is a better leaving group than bromine. But iodine is
a better nucleophile than bromine. Why is that?
Introduction Alkyl halides can be prepared from alcohols by reactions with hydrogen halides (HCI, HBr, or HI) via nucleophilic substitution. In this type of reaction, the nucleophile displaces a leaving group from a carbon atom of an organic substrate (here the alcohol once protonated). Both electrons of the new bond to the carbon are provided by the nucleophile while the...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl
alcohol from the reaction of tert-butyl bromide (t-BuBr) with water
by an SN1 mechanism?
A. Rate= k[t-BuBr]
B Rate=k[ t-BuBr][H2O]
C. Rate=k[ H2O]
D. Rate=k[t-BuBr]^2
1.2 What is the equation for the rate of formation of
1-iodobutane from the reaction of 1-chlorobutane (BuCl) with NaI by
an SN2 mechanism?
A. Rate=k[BuCl]
B. Rate=k[BuCl][NaI]
C. Rate=k[NaI]
D. Rate=k[BuCl]^2
1.3 What is the equation for the rate of formation of...
Questions 2-10 please!!
1) A substitution reaction is: [2] a) A reaction during which an OH group of a molecule is replaced by a halogen. b) A reaction during which water is the leaving group. c) A reaction during which a functional group of a molecule is replaced by an electrophile. d) A reaction during which a functional group of a molecule is replaced by another functional group. V 12 2) Substitution reactions are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
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