Sol :-. By using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation :
pOH = pKb + log [Salt]/[Acid]
pOH = pKb of NH3 + log [NH4Cl]/[NH3]
pOH = 4.75 + log 0.100 M/0.100 M
pOH = 4.75 + log 1
As log 1 = 0
So,
pOH = 4.75
and
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 4.75
pH = 9.25
(a). pH after the addition of HCl
Number of moles of NH4Cl = Molarity x Volume
= 0.100 M x 0.1 L
= 0.01 mol
Number of NH3 = Molarity x Volume
= 0.100 M x 0.1 L
= 0.01 mol
and
Number of moles of HCl = Molarity x Volume
= 0.100 M x 0.003 L
= 0.0003 mol
ICF table is :
.........................NH3................+................HCl -------------------> NH4Cl
Initial ................0.01 mol..........................0.0003 mol..................0.01 mol
Change............-0.0003 mol......................-0.0003 mol................+0.0003 mol
Final...................0.0097 mol.......................0.0 mol........................0.0103 mol
again
By using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation :
pOH = pKb + log [Salt]/[Acid]
pOH = pKb of NH3 + log [NH4Cl]/[NH3]
pOH = 4.75 + log 0.0103 /0.0097
pOH = 4.75 + 0.0261
So,
pOH = 4.78
and
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 4.78
pH = 9.22
So, Change in pH = ΔpH = 9.22 - 9.25 = - 0.03 (Decreases) |
-----------------------------
(b). After the addition of NaOH :-
Number of moles of NaOH = Molarity x Volume
= 0.100 M x 0.003 L
= 0.0003 mol
ICF table is :
.........................NH4Cl..............+................NaOH -------------------> NH3 ................+...........H2O.......+.........NaCl
Initial ................0.01 mol..........................0.0003 mol..................0.01 mol
Change............-0.0003 mol......................-0.0003 mol................+0.0003 mol
Final...................0.0097 mol.......................0.0 mol........................0.0103 mol
again
By using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation :
pOH = pKb + log [Salt]/[Acid]
pOH = pKb of NH3 + log [NH4Cl]/[NH3]
pOH = 4.75 + log 0.0097 /0.0103
pOH = 4.75 - 0.0261
So,
pOH = 4.72
and
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 4.782
pH = 9.28
So, Change in pH = ΔpH = 9.28 - 9.25 = 0.03 (Increases) |
-----------------------------
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