Question

Manchester Technology, Inc. manufactures several different types of printed circuit boards; however, two of the boards account for the majority of the company's sales. The first of these boards, a television circuit board, has been a standard in the industry for several years. The market for this type of board is competitive and price-sensitive. Manchester plans to sell 69,000 of the TV boards in 20x1 at a price of $430 per unit. The second high-volume product, a personal computer circuit board, is a recent addition to Manchester's product line. Because the PC board incorporates the latest technology, it can be sold at a premium price. The 20x1 plans include the sale of 44,000 PC boards at $750 per unit. Manchester's management group is meeting to discuss how to spend the sales and promotion dollars for 20x1. The sales manager believes that the market share for the TV board could be expanded by concentrating Manchester's promotional efforts in this area. In response to this suggestion, the production manager said, "Why don't you go after a bigger market for the PC board? The cost sheets that I get show that the contribution from a PC board is significantly larger than the contribution from a TV board. I know we get a premium price for the PC board. Selling it should help overall profitability The cost-accounting system shows that the following costs apply to the PC and TV boards. Direct material Direct labor Machine time PC Board $223 3.5 hr. 1.5 hr. TV Board $143 1.0 hr. 1.0 hr. Variable manufacturing overhead is applied on the basis of direct-labor hours. For 20x1, variable overhead is budgeted at $2,300,000, and direct-labor hours are estimated at 234,150. The hourly rates for machine time and direct labor are $28 and $36, respectively. The company applies a material handling charge at 10 percent of material cost. This material handling charge is not included in variable manufacturing overhead. Total 20x1 expenditures for direct material are budgeted at $19,679,000. Andrew Fulton, Manchester's controller, believes that before the management group proceeds with the discussion about allocating sales and promotional dollars to individual products, it might be worthwhile to look at these products on the basis of the activities involved in their production. Fulton has prepared the following schedule to help the management group understand this concept. "Using this information," Fulton explained, we can calculate an activity-based cost for each TV board and each PC board and then compare it to the standard cost we have been using. The only cost that remains the same for both cost methods is the cost of direct material. The cost drivers will replace the direct labor, machine time, and overhead costs in the old standard cost figures." Cost Driver Number of parts Number of boards Number of boards Budgeted Annual Activity for Cost Driver 5.084,100 parts 118,650 boards 118,650 boards Budgeted Cost Procurement Production scheduling Packaging and shipping Total Machine setup Hazardous waste disposal Quality control General supplies Total Machine insertion Manual insertion Wave-soldering Total $ 840,000 460,000 920,000 $ 2,220,000 $ 908,000 104.000 1,144.000 144,000 $ 2,300,000 $ 2,600,000 8,400,000 284,000 $11,284,000 Number of setups Pounds of waste Number of inspections Number of boards 283,500 setups 32,067 pounds 283,500 inspections 118,650 boards Number of parts Number of parts Number of boards 3,681,000 parts 1,310,000 parts 118,650 boards TV Board PC Board 63 Required per Unit Parts: Machine insertions Manual insertions Machine setups Hazardous waste disposal, in lb. Inspections 23 .60 .06 Required: 1. Identify at least four general advantages associated with activity-based costing. 2. On the basis of Manchester's unit cost data given in the problem, calculate the total amount that each of the two product lines will contribute toward covering fixed costs and profit in 20x1. 3. Using activity-based costing, calculate the total amount that each of the two product lines will contribute toward covering fixed costs and profit in 20x1. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Required 3 Using activity-based costing, calculate the total amount that each of the two product lines will contribute toward covering fixed costs and profit in 20x1. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) PC Board TV Board Total contribution margin ( Required 2 Required 3

3. Using activity-based costing, calculate the total amount that each of the two product lines will contribute toward covering fixed costs and profit in 20x1.

Answer 1

	(A)		(B)		(A)/(B)
	Budgeted Cost	Cost Driver	Annual activity for cost driver		Cost drivers
Material Overhead
Procurement	840000	Number of Parts	5084100	Parts	0.17	per part
Production scheduling	460000	Number of boards	118650	Boards	3.88	per board
Packing and Shipping	920000	Number of boards	118650	Boards	7.75	per board
Variable Overhead
Machine setup	908000	Number of set-ups	283500	Set-ups	3.20	per board
Hazardous waste disposal	104000	Pounds of waste	32067	Pounds	3.24	per pound
Quality control	1144000	Number of Inspections	283500	Inspections	4.04	per inspection
General supplies	144000	Number of boards	118650	Boards	1.21	per board
Manufacturing
Machine Inspection	2600000	Number of parts	3681000	Parts	0.71	per part
Manual Inspection	8400000	Number of parts	1310000	Parts	6.41	per part
Wave soldering	284000	Number of boards	118650	Boards	2.39	per board
	Per unit cost
	TV Board			PC Board
	Requirement per unit	Cost driver	Per unit cost	Requirement per unit	Cost driver	Per unit cost
Procurement	63	$                                  0.17	$                                              10.41	30	$              0.17	$             4.96
Machine Set-up	3	$                                  3.20	$                                                9.61	2	$              3.20	$             6.41
Hazardous waste disposal	0.6	$                                  3.24	$                                                1.95	0.06	$              3.24	$             0.19
Quality Control	1	$                                  4.04	$                                                4.04	2	$              4.04	$             8.07
Machine Inspection	40	$                                  0.71	$                                              28.25	29	$              0.71	$           20.48
Manual Inspection	23	$                                  6.41	$                                            147.48	1	$              6.41	$             6.41
	Contribution Margin
	TV Board as per activity based costing
	Per unit	Total
Sales Units	69000
Sales revenue	$                               430.00	$              2,96,70,000.00
Direct Material	$                               223.00	$              1,53,87,000.00
Material Overhead
Procurement	$                                 10.41	$                    7,18,215.61
Production scheduling	$                                   3.88	$                    2,67,509.48
Packing and Shipping	$                                   7.75	$                    5,35,018.96
Variable Overhead
Machine Set up	$                                   9.61	$                    6,62,984.13
Hazardous waste disposal	$                                   1.95	$                    1,34,268.87
Quality control	$                                   4.04	$                    2,78,433.86
General supplies	$                                   1.21	$                       83,742.10
Manufacturing
Machine Inspection	$                                 28.25	$                 19,49,470.25
Manual Inspection	$                               147.48	$              1,01,76,183.21
Wave Soldering	$                                   2.39	$                    1,65,158.03
Total cost	$                               439.97	$              3,03,57,984.51
Contribution margin	$                                  -9.97	$                  -6,87,984.51
Contribution Margin
PC Board as per activity based costing
	Per unit	Total
Sales Units	44000
Sales revenue	$                               750.00	$              3,30,00,000.00
Direct Material	$                               143.00	$                 62,92,000.00
Material Overhead
Procurement	$                                   4.96	$                    2,18,091.70
Production scheduling	$                                   3.88	$                    1,70,585.76
Packing and Shipping	$                                   7.75	$                    3,41,171.51
Variable Overhead
Machine Set up	$                                   6.41	$                    2,81,848.32
Hazardous waste disposal	$                                   0.19	$                          8,562.07
Quality control	$                                   8.07	$                    3,55,104.06
General supplies	$                                   1.21	$                       53,400.76
Manufacturing
Machine Inspection	$                                 20.48	$                    9,01,276.83
Manual Inspection	$                                   6.41	$                    2,82,137.40
Wave Soldering	$                                   2.39	$                    1,05,318.16
Total cost	$                               204.76	$                 90,09,496.57
Contribution margin	$                               545.24	$              2,39,90,503.43