Question

3. "Enzymes affect reaction rates, not equilibria." This is a fundamental concept of enzyme action. Explain, in your own words, why enzymes cannot alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Then explain how enzymes can actually speed up a reaction. 4. How is the activation energy AG different from the biochemical standard free energy change AG"? 5. Explain why AG's p can be different from AG p.s. Describe the implication of this difference in terms of the direction of the reaction catalyzed by enzymes.

Answer 1

ANSWER -3 First of all we should know what is an Enzymes? Enzymes' are substances that increases the rate of Reaction without being consumed in the reaction. - on presence of Enzyme value of activation Energy changes. → Enzymes provide alternate path for a reaction with lower Activation Energy to speed up the reaction. Explaination using energy diagram and an example for a Reaction at equilibrium forward - Rate of Backward Reaction Rate of Reaction let Reaction is in presence of a Enzyme or catalyst - Enzyme cctd D QA+ bB - where. A&B reactants c&D Products. a, b, c, d are stiochiometry coefficients . According to Law of Mass Action Equilibrium constant of given reaction in terms of concentration is, Where in CAJ concenpation [B] of A,B,C [c ] and D [D] respectively equilibrium constant гс (ру [A][s]

Equilibrium constant is the ratio of concentration of product to the concentration of Reactant Raised to the power their stiochiometry Now! from the equilibrium constant information we can enzymes cannot alter the equilibrium explain why of a reaction As Enzyme of Catalyst do not change ke (lol. equilibrium constant). Because it do not consume in the reaction and hence it has no effect on equilibrium constant. That is why catalyst or Enzyme do not change equilibrium of a reaction. 9t means Enzyme increase the rate of forward and backward Reaction with same speed, How Enzymes speed up the reaction using Energy) diagsam # without Enzyme •КВ.2м3 Activation &nessa Without Enzyme with Enzyme Activation Energy with Enzyme Reactent overall Energy released during reaction Products Reaction Progress

Working of Enzymes a A +bB = c(td D + (AR) CAD 1 Producte on Enzyme Reactant Enzyme Enzymes bring deactants toge thes so they don't have to expend Energy moving about until they callide at sandom. By Binding reactants at the active state site .. enzymes also position reactants correctly, he. Enzymes hold the reactant in a proper position so that it donot have to overcome intermalecular forces. This allows the molecules to interact with less Energy,