Question

in aqueous solution, classify these compounds as strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases other. H3PO4, HF, LiOH,

Ba(OH)2, (CH3)3N, NH3, CH3, COOH, NaCl, HNO3, HCl, CsOH, H2CO3, H2SO4,HCN, Ca(OH)2, Hi, NO3, HCN, H2CO3

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

Acid is the substance that is ionized in aqueous solution. Depending upon the strength of ionization, acid are classified into strong acid and weak acid. Strong acid is completely ionized in solution and weak acid is partially ionized in solution.

Base is the substance, which dissociates hydroxide ion. It is also divided into two, strong and weak, depending upon the rate of dissociation.

Fundamentals

The stronger the acid,the weaker its conjugate base

The weaker the acid, the stronger its conjugate base

The stronger the base,the weaker the conjugate acid

The weaker the base,the stronger its conjugate acid

Compounds	Dissociate ions
${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}^ - \,$
${\rm{HF}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${{\rm{F}}^{\,{\rm{ - }}}}$
${\rm{LiOH}}$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$ , $\,{\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}$
${\rm{Ba(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$ , ${\rm{B}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\,$
${{\rm{(C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{)}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{N}}$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$ , ${\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}^{^{\rm{ + }}}$
${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{COOH}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${\rm{CH3CO}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{NaCl}}$	${\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , $\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$
${\rm{HCl}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , $\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{CsOH}}$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$ , ${\rm{C}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{ + }}}$
${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${\rm{HC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$
${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}^{\rm{ - }}$
${\rm{HCN}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${\rm{C}}{{\rm{N}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{Ca(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$	${\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ - }}}$ , ${\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}$
${\rm{HI}}$	$\,{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$ , ${{\rm{I}}^{\rm{ - }}}$
${\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$	Conjugate base

Strong acids	Weak acids	Strong base	Weak base
${\rm{HI}}$	${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	${\rm{LiOH}}$	${{\rm{(C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{)}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{N}}$
HNO3	${\rm{HF}}$	${\rm{Ba(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$	${\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,$
${\rm{HCl}}$	${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{COOH}}$	${\rm{CsOH}}$	${\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$
${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$	${\rm{HCN}}$	${\rm{Ca(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$
${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$

Others – ${\rm{NaCl}}$

Ans:

Strong acids	Weak acids	Strong base	Weak base	Others
${\rm{HI}}$	${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	${\rm{LiOH}}$	${{\rm{(C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{)}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{N}}$	${\rm{NaCl}}$
${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$	${\rm{HF}}$	${\rm{Ba(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$	${\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,$
${\rm{HCl}}$	${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{COOH}}$	${\rm{CsOH}}$	${\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$
${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$	${\rm{HCN}}$	${\rm{Ca(OH}}{{\rm{)}}_{\rm{2}}}$
${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$	${{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}$