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long before the voyager flybys, earth based astronomers reported that Io appeared brigther than usual for a few hours a...

long before the voyager flybys, earth based astronomers reported that Io appeared brigther than usual for a few hours after emerging from Jupiter's shadow. Explain this bried brigthening of Io?

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Answer #1

Astronomers in the 1960s realized that Io was brighter exiting from Jupiter's shadow that when it entered.

There are several postulates as to why this happens. Some of them are --

1. One is supposed to be "thermoluminescent effect", which occurs due to Jupiter's atmosphere exciting the terrain of Io, leading to a temporary brightening.

2. Another more popular theory is that due to Io being shielded from the sunlight during its time in Jupiter's shadows, sulfurous compounds cool down and condense from the atmosphere in the form of a white frost, which covers the darker parts of the moon, leading to a temporary brightening due to it being reflective.

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