Question

Despite the continuous medium sterilisation it is found that the fermentation becomes contaminated regularly, necessitating expensive shutdowns, however the source of contamination is unknown. Assuming you are the newly-hired chemical engineer in charge of operations, outline the detailed program of investigation you would put in place to determine the source of contamination and resolve the problem.

Answer 1

Pgno: 1 ANSWER The cost ond environmentalimpat of poducing liquid blotuds and petroleum-haued produets could biochemicals as altevnatives to be significanty reduced kigui'd biofuel aue inereatingly ued around the wold, either OY as an additve that direct dvop -in" yeplacemnt for qaoline au a helps Yeduce cavbon emissiors The tuels and chemicals ave often produeed using microbes into to convet sugars from on, sugar cane, or cellosiplat mass ethono and othey chemital bi fermentation Such a Products process can be erpensi ve , and developers have struggle to ost - etfeetively ramp up production of advaned biofuels HOwever, this large -scale manufacturing levels. to One particutau pvoblem facing prodlucers is the contamination Cthey,unuanted microbes . These fernentation vessels with invades can outcompete the producer micobs lo nutvierts ,veducing yield and poductivity Ethanol is kraon to be toxic to most micooq onisms other than the yeast used to produce t, Sacchauomya cyevisiae naturally Dreventing ontanui nation oF the fermentation process. Howevey, th's case for the more advoned biofuels and biochemicak is not the undeu development To kilotinwading mirabes, companies must instead use steam steri lization, hlch requires termentotion vessels to eithev ron expensive stainkss steels, or LDStly anibiots to these drugs oncourages be bullt Exposing lage numbes of bacterja paterlal st ra jns, tuhi ch re appeaance of tolexat Can eostvitut to the gaing global poblen ot ani biotie vesistapce.

PS no2 There is a new technique -that 9ves pYoducer miiyobes the upper hand aq ainst ununted invader s, the reed for Such expensive and potential harmful eliminating stevilization methods The micobes such as tscherichia Coli have the abilitt to extract nitrogen and phos phoraus nutrients Eeded -two vitas For arowth - fron unon ven tHonal that could he added SOurces fevmentation vessels the By engineering the strains to make thern capable of phosphonars an d nitrogen outcom pete the termenter without utilizing these unconven tional souYces of we give thern an ad vantoge Ihat alous them any other microbes that may invade Steilizatio