Question

Saxon Products, Inc., is investigating the purchase of a robot for use on the company’s assembly line. Selected data relating to the robot are provided below:

Cost of the robot	$1,400,000
Installation and software	$470,000
Annual savings in labor costs	?
Annual savings in inventory carrying costs	$210,000
Monthly increase in power and maintenance costs	$2,000
Salvage value in 5 years	$86,000
Useful life	5 years

Engineering studies suggest that use of the robot will result in a savings of 20,000 direct labor-hours each year. The labor rate is $8 per hour. Also, the smoother work flow made possible by the use of automation will allow the company to reduce the amount of inventory on hand by $360,000. This inventory reduction will take place at the end of the first year of operation; the released funds will be available for use elsewhere in the company. Saxon Products has a 12% required rate of return.

Shelly Martins, the controller, has noted that all of Saxon’s competitors are automating their plants. She is pessimistic, however, about whether Saxon’s management will allow it to automate. In preparing the proposal for the robot, she stated to a colleague, “Let’s just hope that reduced labor and inventory costs can justify the purchase of this automated equipment. Otherwise, we’ll never get it. You know how the president feels about equipment paying for itself out of reduced costs.”

Click here to view Exhibit 8B-1 and Exhibit 8B-2, to determine the appropriate discount factor(s) using tables.

    

Required:

1. Determine the annual net cost savings if the robot is purchased. (Do not include the $360,000 inventory reduction or the salvage value in this computation.)

Savings in labor costs:

Savings in inventory carrying costs:

Total:

Less increased power and maintenance cost:

Annual net cost savings :

2-a. Compute the net present value of the proposed investment in the robot. (Any cash outflows should be indicated by a minus sign. Round discount factor(s) to 3 decimal places.)

=======================NOW----------1--------2----------3-------4-------5

Cost of the robot

Installation and software

Annual net cost savings

Inventory reduction

Salvage value (old)

Discount factor 12%

Present value

Net present value

2-b. Based on these data, would you recommend that the robot be purchased?

	Yes
	No

3-a. Assume that the robot is purchased. At the end of the first year, Shelly Martins has found that some items didn’t work out as planned. Due to unforeseen problems, software and installation costs were $130,000 more than estimated and direct labor has been reduced by only 9,000 hours per year, rather than by 20,000 hours. Assuming that all other cost data were accurate. Show computations using the net present value format as in (2) above. (Hint: It might be helpful to place yourself back at the beginning of the first year with the new data.) (Any cash outflows should be indicated by a minus sign. Round discount factor(s) to 3 decimal places.)

=======================NOW----------1--------2----------3-------4-------5

Cost of the robot

Installation and software

Annual net cost savings

Inventory reduction

Salvage value (old)

Discount factor 12%

Present value

Net present value

  
4-b. Based on your analysis in Requirement 3 above, compute for the president the dollar amount of cash inflow that would be needed each year from the benefits in (a) above in order for the equipment to yield a 12% rate of return. (Round discount factor to 3 decimal places. Enter all amount as positive values.)

Choose Numerator ---------------------------------- Choose Denominator

Negative net present value to be offset / Present value factor, 5 years at 12%=CASH inflow

________________________________ / _________________________________

ΕXHIBIT 8B-1 Present Value of $1; 1 Periods 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% 21% 22% 23% 24% 25% 0.962 0.952 0.943 0.935 0.926 0.917 0.909 0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800 1 2 0.925 0.907 0.890 0.873 0.857 0.842 0.826 0.812 0.797 0.783 0.769 0.756 0.743 0.731 0.718 0.706 0.694 0.683 0.672 0.661 0.650 0.640 0.889 0.864 0.840 0.816 0.794 0.772 0.751 0.731 0.712 0.693 0.675 0.658 0.641 0.624 0.609 0.593 0.579 0.564 0.551 0.537 0.524 0.512 3 0.855 0.823 0.792 0.763 0.735 0.708 0.683 0.659 0.636 0.613 0.592 0.572 0.552 0.534 0.516 0.499 0.482 0.467 0.451 0.437 0.423 0.410 4 5 0.822 0.784 0.747 0.713 0.681 0.650 0.621 0.593 0.567 0.543 0.519 0.497 0.476 0.456 0.437 0.419 0.402 0.386 0.370 0.355 0.341 0.328 6 0.790 0.746 0.705 0.666 0.630 0.596 0.564 0.535 0.507 0.480 0.456 0.432 0.410 0.390 0.370 0.352 0.335 0.319 0.303 0.289 0.275 0.262 7 0.760 0.711 0.665 0.623 0.583 0.547 0.513 0.482 0.452 0.425 0.400 0.376 0.354 0.333 0.314 0.296 0.279 0.263 0.249 0.235 0.222 0.210 0.731 0.677 0.627 0.582 0.540 0.502 0.467 0.434 0.404 0.376 0.351 0.327 0.305 0.285 0.266 0.249 0.233 0.218 0.204 0.191 0.179 0.168 0.703 0.645 0.592 0.544 0.500 0.460 0.424 0.391 0.361 0.333 0.308 0.284 0.263 0.243 0.225 0.209 0.194 0.180 0.167 0.155 0.144 0.134 0.676 0.614 0.558 0.508 0.463 0.422 0.386 0.352 0.322 0.295 0.270 0.247 0.227 0.208 0.191 0.176 0.162 0.149 0.137 0.126 0.116 0.107 10 11 0.650 0.585 0.527 0.475 0.429 0.388 0.350 0.317 0.287 0.261 0.237 0.215 0.195 0.178 0.162 0.148 0.135 0.123 0.112 0.103 0.094 0.086 12 0.625 0.557 0.497 0.444 0.397 0.356 0.319 0.286 0.257 0.231 0.208 0.187 0.168 0.152 0.137 0.124 0.112 0.102 0.092 0.083 0.076 0.069 0.601 0.530 0.469 0.415 0.368 0.326 0.290 0.258 0.229 0.204 0.182 0.163 0.145 0.130 0.116 0.104 0.093 0.084 0.075 0.068 0.061 0.055 13 14 0.577 0.505 0.442 0.388 0.340 0.299 0.263 0.232 0.205 0.181 0.160 0.141 0.125 0.111 0.099 0.088 0.078 0.069 0.062 0.055 0.049 0.044 0.555 0.481 0.417 0.362 0.315 0.275 0.239 0.209 0.183 0.160 0.140 0.123 0.108 0.095 0.084 0.074 0.065 0.057 0.051 0.045 0.040 0.035 15 16 0.534 0.458 0.394 0.339 0.292 0.252 0.218 0.188 0.163 0.141 0.123 0.107 0.093 0.081 0.071 0.062 0.054 0.047 0.042 0.036 0.032 0.028 17 18 0.513 0.436 0.371 0.317 0.270 0.231 0.198 0.170 0.146 0.125 0.108 0.093 0.080 0.069 0.060 0.052 0.045 0.039 0.034 0.030 0.026 0.023 0.494 0.416 0.350 0.296 0.250 0.212 0.180 0.153 0.130 0.111 0.095 0.081 0.069 0.059 0.051 0.044 0.038 0.032 0.028 0.024 0.021 0.018 19 0.475 0.396 0.331 0.277 0.232 0.194 0.164 0.138 0.116 0.098 0.083 0.070 0.060 0.051 0.043 0.037 0.031 0.027 0.023 0.020 0.017 0.014 0.456 0.377 0.312 0.258 0.215 0.178 0.149 0.124 0.104 0.087 0.073 0.061 0.051 0.043 0.037 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.019 0.016 0.014 0.012 20 077 0.064 0.053 0.044 0.037 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.013 0.011 0.009 21 22 0.439 0.359 0.294 0.242 0.199 0.164 0.135 0112 0.093 0.422 0.342 0.278 0.226 0.184 0.150 0.123 0.101 0.083 0.068 0.056 0.046 0.038 0.,032 0,026 0.022 0.018 0,015 0.013 0,011 0.009 0,007 23 0.406 0.326 0.262 0.211 0.170 0.138 0.112 0.091 0.074 0.060 0.049 0.040 0.033 0.027 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.012 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.006 24 0.390 0.310 0.247 0.197 0.158 0.126 0.102 0.082 0.066 0.053 0.043 0.035 0.028 0.023 0.019 0.015 0.013 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.005 25 0.375 0.295 0.233 0.184 0.146 0.116 0.092 0.074 0.059 0.047 0.038 0.030 0.024 0.020 0.016 0.013 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 26 27 0.361 0.281 0.220 0.172 0.135 0.106 0.084 0.066 0.053 0.042 0.033 0.026 0.021 0.017 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.347 0.268 0.207 0.161 0.125 0.098 0.076 0.060 0.047 0.037 0.029 0.023 0.018 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 28 0.333 0.255 0.196 0.150 0.116 0.090 0.069 0.054 0.042 0.033 0.026 0.020 0.016 0.012 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.321 0.243 0.185 0.141 0.107 0.082 0.063 0.048 0.037 0.029 0.022 0.017 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 29 30 0.308 0.231 0.174 0.131 0.099 0.075 0.057 0.044 0.033 o.026 0.020 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 40 0.208 0.142 0.097 0.067 0.046 0.032 0.022 0.015 0.011 0.008 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 EXHIBIT 8 B-2 Present Value of an Annuity of $1 in Arrears; (1 Periods 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14% 17% 18% 19% 20% 21% 22% 23% 24% 25 % 15% 16% 0.962 0.952 1.859 2.723 0.943 1.833 2.673 0.935 1.808 2.624 0.926 1.783 0.917 0.909 0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800 1.759 1.736 1.713 1.690 1.668 1.647 1.626 1.605 1.585 1.566 1.547 1.528 1.509 1.492 1.474 1.457 1.440 2.531 2.487 2.444 2.402 2.361 2.322 2.283 2.246 2.210 2.174 2.140 2.106 2.074 2.042 2.011 1.981 1.952 1 2 1.886 3 2.775 2.577 4 3,630 3.546 3.465 3.387 3.312 3.240 3.170 3.102 3.037 2.974 2.914 2.855 2.798 2.743 2.690 2.639 2.589 2.540 2.494 2.448 2.404 2.362 4.100 3,993 4.452 4,329 4.212 3.890 3.791 3.696 3.605 3.517 3.433 3.352 3.274 3.199 3.127 3.058 2.991 2.926 2.864 2.803 2.745 2.689 5.242 5.076 4.917 4.767 4.623 4.486 4.355 4.231 4.111 3.998 3.889 3.7884 3.685 3.589 3.498 3.410 3.326 3.245 3.167 3.092 3.020 2.951 E 971 6.210 5 747 6,733 7.435 8.111 6,463 7.108 6.802 7.722 5.535 5.335 5.146 4,968 4.799 4,639 4,487 4.344 4,207 4,078 3.954 3,837 3.726 3,619 3.518 3.421 3.329 5.995 5.759 5.537 5.328 5.132 4.946 4.772 4.607 4.451 4.303 4.163 4.031 3.905 3.786 3.673 3.566 3.463 9 6.515 6.247 10 7.360 7.024 6.710 6.418 6.145 5.889 5.650 5.426 5.216 5.019 4.833 4.659 4.494 4.339 4.192 4.054 3.923 3.799 3.682 3.571 11 8.306 7.887 7.499 7.139 8.760 6.805 6.495 6.207 5.938 5.687 5.453 5.234 5.029 4.836 4.656 4.486 4.327 4.177 4.035 3.902 3.776 3.656 12 9.385 8.863 8.384 7.943 7.536 7.161 6.814 6.492 6.194 5.918 5.660 5.421 5.197 4.988 4.793 4.611 4.439 4.278 4.127 3.985 3.851 3.725 13 9.986 9.394 10.563 9.899 11,118 10.380 8.853 9.295 8.745 8.244 7.786 7.367 6.982 6.628 6.302 6.002 5.724 5.468 5.229 5.008 4.802 4.611 4.432 4.265 4.108 3.962 3.824 9.712 8.358 7.904 7.487 7.103 6.750 6.424 6.122 5.842 5.583 5.342 5.118 4.910 4.715 4.533 4.362 4.203 4.053 3.912 3.780 14 15 9.108 8.559 8.061 7.606 7.191 6.811 6.462 6.142 5.847 5.575 5.324 5.092 4.876 4.675 4.489 4.315 4.153 4.001 3.859 11,652 10.838 10.106 9.447 12.166 11.274 10,477 12.659 11.690 10.828 10.059 16 17 18 19 8.313 7.824 7.379 6.974 6.604 6.265 5.954 5.668 5.405 5.162 4.938 4.730 4.536 4.357 4.189 4.033 3.887 9.763 9.122 8.544 8.022 7.549 7.120 6.729 6.373 6.047 5.749 5.475 5.222 4.990 4.775 4.576 4.391 4.219 4.059 3.910 8.756 8.201 7.702 7.250 6.840 6.467 6.128 5.818 5.534 5.273 5.033 4.812 4.608 4.419 4.243 4.080 3.928 8.851 9.372 13.134 12.085 11.158 10.336 9.604 8.950 8.365 7.839 7.366 6.938 6.550 6.198 5.877 5.584 5.316 5.070 4.843 4.635 4.442 4.263 4.097 3.942 20 13.590 12,462 11.470 10.594 9,818 9.129 8.514 7.963 7.469 7.025 6.623 6.259 5.929 5.628 5.353 5.101 4.870 4.657 4.460 4.279 4.110 3.954 21 14.029 12.821 11.764 10.836 10.017 9.292 8.649 8.075 7.562 7.102 6.687 6.312 5.973 5.665 5.384 5.127 4.891 4.675 4.476 4.292 4.121 3.963 22 14.451 13.163 12.042 11.061 10.201 9.442 8.772 8.176 7.645 7.170 6.743 6.359 6.011 5.696 5.410 5.149 4.909 4.690 4.488 4.302 4.130 3.970 23 24 25 14.857 13.489 12.303 11.272 10.371 15.247 13.799 12.550 11.469 10.529 9.707 8.985 8.348 7.784 7.283 6.835 6.434 6.073 5.746 5.451 5.182 4.937 4.713 4.507 4.318 4.143 3.981 15.622 14.094 12.783 11.654 10.675 9.580 8.883 8.266 7.718 7.230 6.792 6.399 6.044 5.723 5.432 5.167 4.925 4.703 4.499 4.311 4.137 3.976 9.823 9.077 8.422 7.843 7.330 6.873 6.464 6.097 5.766 5.467 5.195 4.948 4.721 4.514 4.323 4.147 3.985 26 15.983 14.375 13.003 11.826 10.810 9.929 9.161 8.488 7.896 7.372 6.906 6.491 6.118 5.783 5.480 5.206 4.956 4.728 4.520 4.328 4.151 3.988 27 16.330 14.643 13.211 11.987 10.935 10.027 9.237 8.548 7.943 7.409 6.935 6.514 6.136 5.798 5.492 5.215 4.964 4.734 4.524 4.332 4.154 3.990 28 16.663 14.898 13.406 12.137 11.051 10.116 9.307 8.602 7.984 7.441 6.961 6.534 6.152 5.810 5.502 5.223 4.970 4.739 4.528 4.335 4.157 3.992 29 16.984 15.141 13.591 12.278 11.158 10.198 9.370 8.650 8.022 7.470 6.983 6.551 6.166 5.820 5.510 5.229 4.975 4.743 4.531 4.337 4.159 3.994 17.292 15.372 13.765 12.409 11.258 10.274 9.427 8.694 8.055 7.496 7.003 6.566 6.177 5.829 5.517 5.235 4.979 4.746 4.534 4.339 4.160 3.995 30 40 19.793 17.159 15.046 13.332 11.925 10,757 9.779 8.951 8.244 7.634 7,105 6.642 6.233 5.871 5.548 5.258 4.997 4.760 4,544 4.347 4.166 3.999

Answer 1

Savings in Direct labor	$            160,000.00
Savings in inventory Costs	$            210,000.00
Less : Annual increase in power and maintenance	$              24,000.00
Annual Net cost Savings	$            346,000.00

Year	Annual Savings	Inventory Reduction	Salvage Value	Total Cash Flows	PV @12%	PV
1	$    346,000	$      360,000		$         706,000	0.8929	$        630,357
2	$    346,000			$         346,000	0.7972	$        275,829
3	$    346,000			$         346,000	0.7118	$        246,276
4	$    346,000			$         346,000	0.6355	$        219,889
5	$    346,000		$           86,000	$         432,000	0.5674	$        245,128
			Total PV			$    1,617,480
			Investment			$    1,870,000
			NPV			$     (252,520)

Since project has negative NPV, it will not be accepted.

Year	Annual Savings	Inventory Reduction	Salvage Value	Total Cash Flows	PV @12%	PV
1	$    258,000	$      360,000		$         618,000	0.8929	$        551,786	$                   321,429
2	$    258,000			$         258,000	0.7972	$        205,676
3	$    258,000			$         258,000	0.7118	$        183,639
4	$    258,000			$         258,000	0.6355	$        163,964
5	$    258,000		$           86,000	$         344,000	0.5674	$        195,195	48798.70959
			Total PV			$    1,300,260
			Investment			$    2,000,000	$               1,624,457
			NPV			$     (699,740)	531284.9948

Savings in Direct labor	$      72,000.00
Savings in inventory Costs	$   210,000.00
Less : Annual increase in power and maintenance	$      24,000.00
Annual Net cost Savings	$   258,000.00

4b . Minimum cash flow required, NPV is set to zero
NPV = X x 3.6048 + $360000 x 0.8929 + $86000 x 0.5674 - $2000000
0 = 3.6048x - 1629773
x = $452112

Minimum Cash flow required = $452112