Sometimes when extraction a polar organic solute into anorganic solvent, brine (a saturated solution of sodium...
Sometimes when extraction a polar organic solute into anorganic solvent, brine (a saturated solution of sodium chloride) isused in place of water. What is the advantage of using brine rather than water?
Homework Answers
The formation of an emulsion is a common problem when performing extractions. An emulsion is a stable dispersion of one liquid in a second immiscible liquid. Emulsions delay the separation of two liquids, making it necessary to “break” the emulsion. This can be done mechanically (settlers, cyclones, centrifuges, filtration through Celite) or chemically (addition of salt or a saturated NaCl solution called brine). The addition of salt increases the surface tension of the droplets and increases the density of the aqueous layer, thereby forcing separation. If one of the solvents being used is water, the addition of a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution will help destroy the emulsion.
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Sometimes when extraction a polar organic solute into anorganic solvent, brine (a saturated solution of sodium...
Question 1 1 pts What is the purpose of utilizing brine (saturated sodium chloride solution) during...
Question 1 1 pts What is the purpose of utilizing brine (saturated sodium chloride solution) during the liquid-liquid extraction portion of the bromohydrination of cyclohexene? To lower the solubility of organic molecules in the organic layer. To stabilize the carbocation formed during the course of the reactions. To remove excess water from the organic layer of the reaction. To ensure that enough water is present for the reaction to generate an alcohol. Question 2 1 pts Which of the following...
What is the amt of ammonium chloride solution, ether for extraction, brine for extraction and MgSO4 needed. Please s...
What is the amt of ammonium chloride solution, ether
for extraction, brine for extraction and MgSO4 needed. Please show
calculations!
Suggestion: Weigh the sucrose directly into a flask. Measule uut liie Wutur using a measuring cylinder. Weigh out the ethyl acetoacetate and add by pipet Reduction using Sodium Borohydride Weigh ethyl acetoacetate (1.5 g) into a round bottomed flask. Add ethanol (15 mL) to dissolve it. Add a magnetic stir bar and fit the flask with a drying tube. Cool...
2. "Like Dissolves Like: Polarity and Solubility A. Polar Solvent: Water Salute Iodine Sodium chloride Obseruation...
2. "Like Dissolves Like: Polarity and Solubility A. Polar Solvent: Water Salute Iodine Sodium chloride Obseruation Chip didn't dissolve some solid on Bottom Solid completely dissolved Chip floated on top of water Floated on top of water Sugar Wax Cooking oil of these solute? 1. What patterns do you observe regarding the polar and non-polar characteristics of these se 2. What effect do you think heating would have on the solubilities of these substances? B. Non-Polar Solvent: Toluene Solute lodine...
Pre-laboratory Questions 1. Although it is a less efficient solvent for this extraction, why is 2-propanol...
Pre-laboratory Questions 1. Although it is a less efficient solvent for this extraction, why is 2-propanol used in this extraction rather than chloroform or methylene chloride? 2. What is the purpose of adding sodium carbonate to the aqueous solution? Be the concentration of sodium carbonate incest, it undergoes hydolysis to form sodun hydroride 3. Why it is necessary to add sodium chloride to the water before the caffeine is extracted with 2-propanol?
Extraction Q1. Why doesn’t the neutral organic compound dissolve in the 1.5 M NaOH solution? Q2....
Extraction Q1. Why doesn’t the neutral organic compound dissolve in the 1.5 M NaOH solution? Q2. Why is diethyl ether a good choice for the organic solvent in this extraction experiment? Q3. What experimental difficulty would you encounter if you neglected to include the drying step before evaporating the ether solution of the neutral organic compound? Q4. Why are the two organic compounds recrystallized before their melting points are determined? Q5. What IR bands are most useful in distinguishing a...
3. In liquid-liquid extractions, the organic solution is shaken with aqueous solutions to remove byproducts or...
3. In liquid-liquid extractions, the organic solution is shaken with aqueous solutions to remove byproducts or excess reactants. Identify one compound that is being removed from the organic solution when it is shaken with each aqueous solution below. 4pts a. Extraction of Grignard reaction mixture with water b. Extraction of Grignard reaction mixture with saturated sodium chloride c. Extraction of bleach oxidation mixture with sodium bicarbonate d. Extraction of either oxidation mixture with sodium thiosulfate
Extraction of benzoic acid and 9-fluorenone using diethyl ether. (please do not include ethyl 4- aminobenzoate)....
Extraction of benzoic acid and 9-fluorenone using diethyl ether. (please do not include ethyl 4- aminobenzoate). I have to create a flow chart to diagram the key steps of the experiment and isolation of products. 0.100g of benzoic acid and 9-fluorenone are dissolved in diethyl ether. The extraction solvent is 5% sodium hydroxide (to extract the acidic component from the organic phase). Saturated sodium chloride is added to the organic layer. drying the organic solution: anhydrous sodium sulfate is added...
forming an extraction, which organic solvent is expected to be the bottom layer? 13. When performing...
forming an extraction, which organic solvent is expected to be the bottom layer? 13. When performing an extractic (1 pt) A. Toluene-CyH8 B. Ethyl acetate -CH:CO,CHs C. Methylene chloride - CH2Cl2 D. None of the above-the organic solvent is always the layer on top. 14. Provide the mechanism for this reaction. (5 pts) HB:
G of sodium nitrate (NaNO,) dissolves in 100 g of water at 20°C. Is this solution saturated or un...
g of sodium nitrate (NaNO,) dissolves in 100 g of water at 20°C. Is this solution saturated or unsaturated? Wha t would happen if you added ten more grams of sodium nitrate to the solution? What would if you added the ten grams and raised the temperature to 40 C? lution is unsaturated. Adding ten additional grams of solute (NaNO,) would result in a homo geneous solution. Raising the temperature of the solution by 20°C would not affect the solution...
8. Consider a liquid-liquid extraction procedure using a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and t-butyl...
8. Consider a liquid-liquid extraction procedure using a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and t-butyl methyl ether (density= 0.740) in a reaction tube shown below. Identify the organic layer. Explain your answer.
Question 1 1 pts What is the purpose of utilizing brine (saturated sodium chloride solution) during the liquid-liquid extraction portion of the bromohydrination of cyclohexene? To lower the solubility of organic molecules in the organic layer. To stabilize the carbocation formed during the course of the reactions. To remove excess water from the organic layer of the reaction. To ensure that enough water is present for the reaction to generate an alcohol. Question 2 1 pts Which of the following...
What is the amt of ammonium chloride solution, ether
for extraction, brine for extraction and MgSO4 needed. Please show
calculations!
Suggestion: Weigh the sucrose directly into a flask. Measule uut liie Wutur using a measuring cylinder. Weigh out the ethyl acetoacetate and add by pipet Reduction using Sodium Borohydride Weigh ethyl acetoacetate (1.5 g) into a round bottomed flask. Add ethanol (15 mL) to dissolve it. Add a magnetic stir bar and fit the flask with a drying tube. Cool...
2. "Like Dissolves Like: Polarity and Solubility A. Polar Solvent: Water Salute Iodine Sodium chloride Obseruation Chip didn't dissolve some solid on Bottom Solid completely dissolved Chip floated on top of water Floated on top of water Sugar Wax Cooking oil of these solute? 1. What patterns do you observe regarding the polar and non-polar characteristics of these se 2. What effect do you think heating would have on the solubilities of these substances? B. Non-Polar Solvent: Toluene Solute lodine...
Pre-laboratory Questions 1. Although it is a less efficient solvent for this extraction, why is 2-propanol used in this extraction rather than chloroform or methylene chloride? 2. What is the purpose of adding sodium carbonate to the aqueous solution? Be the concentration of sodium carbonate incest, it undergoes hydolysis to form sodun hydroride 3. Why it is necessary to add sodium chloride to the water before the caffeine is extracted with 2-propanol?
3. In liquid-liquid extractions, the organic solution is shaken with aqueous solutions to remove byproducts or excess reactants. Identify one compound that is being removed from the organic solution when it is shaken with each aqueous solution below. 4pts a. Extraction of Grignard reaction mixture with water b. Extraction of Grignard reaction mixture with saturated sodium chloride c. Extraction of bleach oxidation mixture with sodium bicarbonate d. Extraction of either oxidation mixture with sodium thiosulfate
forming an extraction, which organic solvent is expected to be the bottom layer? 13. When performing an extractic (1 pt) A. Toluene-CyH8 B. Ethyl acetate -CH:CO,CHs C. Methylene chloride - CH2Cl2 D. None of the above-the organic solvent is always the layer on top. 14. Provide the mechanism for this reaction. (5 pts) HB:
g of sodium nitrate (NaNO,) dissolves in 100 g of water at 20°C. Is this solution saturated or unsaturated? Wha t would happen if you added ten more grams of sodium nitrate to the solution? What would if you added the ten grams and raised the temperature to 40 C? lution is unsaturated. Adding ten additional grams of solute (NaNO,) would result in a homo geneous solution. Raising the temperature of the solution by 20°C would not affect the solution...
8. Consider a liquid-liquid extraction procedure using a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and t-butyl methyl ether (density= 0.740) in a reaction tube shown below. Identify the organic layer. Explain your answer.
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